Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics MCQ Questions & Answers | Chemical Engineering

Since at constant pressure almost all the gases exhibit an linear relationship between the volume and temperature w can write \[\frac{{{V}_{1}}}{{{V}_{2}}}=\frac{{{T}_{1}}}{{{T}_{2}}}\]   so, \[\frac{27.3}{{{V}_{2}}}=\frac{273}{283}\]
Hence, \[{{V}_{2}}\] $$= 28.3 \,\, c.c.$$

Law of mass action in mathematical form can be expressed as :
For an equilibrium reaction \[aA=bB\leftrightarrow cC=dD\]
$${K_c} = \frac{{{C^c}{D^d}}}{{{A^a}{B^b}}}$$
Hence we can say it explains about equilibrium constant.

empirical relation:
Root mean square speed $$ = \sqrt {\frac{{3KT}}{m}} $$

Whereas average velocity $$ = \sqrt {\frac{{8KT}}{{\pi m}}} $$

Degree of freedom = $$C - \emptyset + 2$$
For azeotropic binary mixture since number of components$$(c) = 2$$
Number of phases$$(∅) = 2$$
Degree of freedom $$= 2$$
But for azeotropic mixture since vapor composition $$=$$ liquid composition
Degree of freedom becomes $$= 1$$

Since compressibility factor ($$Z$$) is an function of reduced temperature and reduced pressure i..e.., $$Z = fn\left( {{P_r},{T_r}} \right).$$     At same $${P_r}$$  and $${T_r}$$ the compressibility factor remains constant.

At triple point since liquid solid and gas coexist at equilibrium (thermodynamic equilibrium) so, pressure should be same we can say the vapor pressure exhibited by liquid and solid is same.

Second law of thermodynamics is the only law that implies an directional constraint on any naturally occurring process it basically say entropy of an isolated system(universe) always increases. $$\Delta {S_{universe}} \geqslant 0$$
So, for an system undergoing some process during which its entropy is increasing than we can say the system is undergoing spontaneous change but here the system should undergoes constant internal energy change and constant volume change if the system is allowed to do only expansion work.

At S.T.P 1 mole of any gas occupies $$22.4\,\,ltrs$$
Given $$448\,\,ltrs$$   so, number of moles = $$\frac{{448}}{{22.4}}$$ $$= 20$$
We know number of moles = $$\frac{{{\text{weight}}}}{{{\text{gram moleculear weight}}}}$$     $$\left( {{\text{molecular weight of }}{C_4}{H_{10}} = 58} \right)$$
So, $$20 =$$ $$\frac{{{\text{weight}}}}{{58}}$$
Hence weight of $${C_4}{H_{10}} = 1160$$

The throttling process (joule-expansion) is usually done using an pipe arranged with gate valve and the effect is found at different positions of valve this process is done under steady state and keeping the system in an adiabatic chamber during which due to the obstruction imparted by valve position the gas will lose some pressure energy in to frictional energy and hence the pressure decreases in an throttling experiment always.

A colloidal system consists of two phases a dispersed phase or internal phase and an dispersion medium or continuous phase. eg: consider an distillation column consisting of trays on the tray we can observe gas bubbles dispersed in continuous liquid phase under normal conditions.