Computer fundamental MCQ Questions and answers- Technical Aptitude

Computer hardware is the physical components that a computer system requires to function. It encompasses everything with a circuit board that operates within a PC or laptop; including the motherboard, graphics card, CPU (Central Processing Unit), ventilation fans, webcam, power supply and so on.

All computers, large and small, must have a central processing unit. As Figure 1 shows, the central processing unit consists of two parts, the control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit. The CPU interacts closely with primary storage, or main memory, referring to it for both instructions and data.

In computing, an input device is a piece of equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system, such as a computer or information appliance. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mouse, scanners, cameras, joysticks and microphones.

A peripheral device is "an ancillary device used to put information into and get information out of the computer."

Expanded memory is not directly addressable by the CPU. Expanded memory is the additional memory which is incorporated beyond the parent memory limit of the processor.

A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) instead of million instructions per second (MIPS).

Magnetic tape can serve as Input media, Output media and Secondary storage media. Magnetic storage or magnetic recording is the storage of data on a magnetized medium.
Magnetic tape data storage is a system for storing digital information on magnetic tape using digital recording.

FORTRAN is the first compiler-level language developed by a team of IBM programmers led by John Backus and unveiled.
In 1957 John Backus and his team at IBM shipped FORTRAN for the IBM 704. This software, proprietary to IBM, became the first widely-used high-level programming language. The FORTRAN language was completed in late 1954, and a FORTRAN compiler was programmed and tested in 1955–56. Shipment of the FORTRAN system began in April 1957 to IBM 704 users.

The invention of the mechanical calculator. Blaise Pascal invented a mechanical calculator with a sophisticated carry mechanism in 1642. After three years of effort and 50 prototypes he introduced his calculator to the public. He built twenty of these machines in the following ten years.

Computer code or program code is the set of instructions forming a computer program which is executed by a computer.