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Remote Sensing and GIS in Geological Engineering MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Remote Sensing and GIS in Geological Engineering. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Remote Sensing and GIS in Geological Engineering chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering. Page-9 section-1

81
What is the primary difference between vector and raster data in GIS?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Vector data represents spatial features using points, lines, and polygons.Raster data uses grid cells or pixels to represent spatial information.
82
What does 'georeferencing' mean in GIS?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Georeferencing aligns maps or images to real-world coordinate systems.This process allows accurate overlay and spatial analysis with other data layers.
83
Which factor primarily affects the penetration depth of radar signals in remote sensing?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Radar wavelength determines how deeply signals penetrate the surface.Longer wavelengths penetrate deeper, useful for soil and vegetation studies.
84
What is 'orthorectification' in remote sensing imagery processing?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Orthorectification removes distortions caused by terrain relief and sensor angles.It produces accurate, planimetrically correct images useful for mapping.
85
Which GIS tool is best suited for finding the shortest path between two points?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Network analysis evaluates paths on network datasets like roads or pipelines.It calculates shortest routes, optimal paths, and accessibility.
86
What does 'spatial interpolation' in GIS involve?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Spatial interpolation estimates data values at unknown points using surrounding known values.Common methods include Kriging, IDW, and spline.
87
Which type of satellite imagery is best for monitoring urban heat islands?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Thermal infrared imagery detects heat emitted from surfaces.This data helps study temperature variations in urban areas for planning and mitigation.
88
In GIS, what does the term 'attribute data' refer to?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Attribute data is descriptive information linked to spatial features.Examples include soil type, land use, population, or material properties.
89
Which of the following is NOT a common source of error in remote sensing data?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Soil moisture affects the signal but is not considered an error.Errors typically arise from atmosphere, sensor, or processing issues.
90
What is the primary application of LiDAR in geological engineering?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
LiDAR uses laser pulses to generate high-resolution 3D models of surface topography.It is extensively used for terrain mapping, fault detection, and landslide studies.