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Remote Sensing and GIS in Geological Engineering MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Remote Sensing and GIS in Geological Engineering. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Remote Sensing and GIS in Geological Engineering chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering. Page-2 section-1

11
What is Digital Elevation Model (DEM) used for in geological engineering?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
DEM represents terrain elevation data, vital for slope analysis, watershed delineation, and landslide assessment.
12
Which GIS data model is best for continuous phenomena like elevation or temperature?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Raster data represents continuous data as grids or pixels, suitable for elevation or temperature.
13
What is the main purpose of image classification in remote sensing?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Image classification categorizes pixels into classes (e.g., soil, water, vegetation) for analysis.
14
Which of these is NOT a common source of error in GIS analysis?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Data redundancy is not typically considered an error but may affect storage efficiency.
15
What does the term "spatial resolution" mean in remote sensing?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Spatial resolution refers to the ground area represented by a single pixel, determining image detail level.
16
What is the primary satellite sensor type used in multispectral remote sensing?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Optical sensors detect reflected sunlight in multiple wavelengths, enabling multispectral imaging useful in geological mapping and vegetation studies.Thermal sensors detect heat, radar uses microwaves, and LiDAR uses laser pulses.
17
In GIS, what does the term 'raster data' refer to?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Raster data consists of pixels arranged in a grid, each representing a value such as elevation or spectral intensity.This contrasts with vector data which uses points, lines, and polygons.
18
Which remote sensing technique is most effective for detecting surface roughness and subsurface features?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Radar imaging uses microwaves that penetrate clouds and surface materials to reveal surface roughness and subsurface features.It works regardless of lighting or weather conditions.
19
What does the acronym 'NDVI' stand for in remote sensing?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) is a widely used vegetation index calculated from red and near-infrared spectral bands to assess vegetation health and density.
20
In GIS, which analysis is used to determine the best location based on multiple weighted criteria?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) integrates various factors weighted according to importance to identify optimal locations.It is extensively used in site selection for engineering projects.