Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

A diploid male angiospermic plant is crossed with tetraploid female plant. Endosperm of seed will be Pentaploid.
The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants following the fertilization of male and female gametes. If 2n male is crossed with 4n female, then endosperm will be 5n as female gamete after meiosis form 2n gametes + n male gamete + 2n polar nuclei, therefore 5n ploidy for endosperm.
The endosperm plays an important role in supporting embryonic growth by supplying nutrients, protecting the embryo and controlling embryo growth by acting as a mechanical barrier during seed development and germination.

The nucleic acid content of the virus is 5 - 40%.
Viruses are smaller and simpler in construction than unicellular microorganisms, and they contain only one type of nucleic acid either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat.
Genomes of DNA viruses that infect animals range in size from less than 2 kb of single-stranded DNA to over 375 kb of double-stranded DNA.

Ammonium produced by urea can be absorbed by roots or it can Change to nitrate.
Urea is a stable colourless and odorless solid at room temperature that will melt at 135°C. It is highly water-soluble, and will slowly hydrolyze in the presence of water, to give ammonium carbamate which slowly decomposes to ammonia and carbon dioxide.
Ammonium is converted to nitrate (NO₃^-) via nitrification. Nitrate is the form that can be moved out of the soil profile by leaching or lost by denitrification. The conversion of ammonium to nitrate and the conversion of nitrate to N gases are both microbial processes.

The most widely used biocontrol agent is Pseudomonas florescence.
P. fluorescens is a potential agent for biocontrol which suppress plant diseases by protecting the seeds and roots from fungal infection.
They are known to enhance plant growth promotion and reduce the severity of many fungal diseases. Pseudomonas spp. have been reported to have the potential to improve plant biomass, relative water content, leaf water potential, and root adhering soil/root tissue ratio.

The Central Fertilizer Quality Control Institute is located in Faridabad.
Given the increasing importance of fertilizer quality control and thrust on training to State Enforcement Officers, the laboratory was upgraded as an Institute and was renamed as Central Fertilizer Quality Control & Training Institute (CFQC&TI) in 1982 - 83.
Its main objective is to undertake inspection and analysis of indigenous and imported fertilizers, standardization of methods of analysis, and provide technical guidance.

When all five stages are present in the life cycle of rust, it is known as Macrocyclic.
All rusts are obligate parasites, meaning that they require a living host to complete their life cycle. All 5 stages of their life cycle are Pycniospores, Aeciospores, Urediniospores, Teliospores and Basidiospores.
The one where all these five stages are present is termed Macrocyclic.

In tree crops, fertilizer is not added near the trunk because of fewer roots there.
Roots are the part of the plant that absorbs water and mixed solutes and fertilizers from the soil. As the trunk presence of the root is very less, therefore it is advised not to add fertilizers near to trunk of the tree.
For trees growing on turf, fertilizer is best applied beneath the root zone of the grass. Punch, drill, or dig small holes 8 - 12" deep evenly spaced around the dripline (about 3 feet apart) and distribute the fertilizer equally among the holes.

Split application of K is useful in high rainfall areas to save on Leaching.
Application of potassium in split doses enhanced the enzymatic activities, probably causing higher mobilization of nutrients in soil and plant and translocation of photosynthetic in plant system, which ultimately resulted in higher grain and straw yields.
When soil loses essential water-soluble nutrients needed for crop growth due to excessive rain or irrigation, the process is referred to as leaching.

The scientist to discover photophosphorylation was Amon.
In 1954, Daniel I. Arnon et.al. discovered photophosphorylation in vitro in isolated chloroplasts with the help of P32. His first review of the early research of photophosphorylation was published in 1956.
In the process of photosynthesis, the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP using the energy of sunlight is called photophosphorylation.

Urea is nitrogenous fertilizer for the amide group.
Urea (also known as carbamide or carbonyl diamide) is produced by reacting ammonia with carbon dioxide. It is the most concentrated solid nitrogenous fertilizer, containing 46 percent nitrogen.
Roughly 85% of urea solution produced is used in fertilizer mixtures, with 3% used as animal feed supplements and 12% used for plastics and other uses. Urea is marketed as a solution or in solid form.