Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Nitrogen fertilization is applied for growth, but its excess delays maturity.
Nitrogen Fertilization Increases Root Growth and Coordinates the Root-Shoot Relationship in Cotton. The root system plays an important role in the growth and development of cotton, and root growth is closely related to shoot growth, both of which are affected by N availability in the soil.
Excessive nitrogen causes fruiting plants to produce relatively more foliage, reducing their fruit production and delaying fruit maturity.

Among the given options, Carbon dioxide is oxidized and water reduced is true for photosynthesis.
During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) from the air and soil. Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons, while the carbon dioxide is reduced, meaning it gains electrons. This transforms the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glucose.

Meristem is the plant cells that will show totipotency.
Totipotency is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organism. Spores and zygotes are examples of totipotent cells.
Meristematic cells are undifferentiated or incompletely differentiated. They are totipotent and capable of continued cell division. Division of meristematic cells provides new cells for the expansion and differentiation of tissues and the initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.

1. Net ATP produced in glycolysis is 8. During glycolysis, glucose ultimately breaks down into pyruvate and energy; a total of 2 ATP is derived in the process (Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi → 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 ATP + 2 H₂O).
2. Positive Benedict's test shows the presence of glucose. The presence of brick red indicates the positive indication of Benedict's reagent. This indicates the presence of about two percent sugar in the solution.
3. Genes unable to express in presence of their recessive alleles. Recessive alleles only show their effect if the individual has two copies of the allele.
4. A character controlled by many genes is known as polygenic gene. A polygenic trait is a characteristic, such as height or skin colour, that is influenced by two or more genes.

Pressure of tracheary elements is not associated with ascent of sap in tall.
The ascent of sap in the xylem tissue of plants is the upward movement of water and minerals from the root to the aerial parts of the plant. The theory assumes that in the uppermost parts of the tallest trees, the vessels of the xylem are coated with thin films of sap.
Pressure of tracheary elements is due to pressure in roots also termed root pressure. And root pressure is not associated with the ascent of sap.

Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) is a type of virus that can infect cauliflower plants and cause diseases.
Viruses are very small infectious agents. They are different from bacteria or fungi. A key difference is what they use to store their genetic information.
Genetic information is like a set of instructions telling the virus how to reproduce. Some viruses use DNA for these instructions, while others use RNA.
CaMV is unique because it uses DNA to store its genetic instructions. It doesn't use RNA.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: DNA.

In glycolysis ultimately (or end product of glycolysis) Glucose is converted into pyruvic acid. During glycolysis, glucose ultimately breaks down into pyruvate and energy; a total of 2 ATP is derived in the process.
Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi → 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 ATP + 2 H₂O.
The hydroxyl groups allow for phosphorylation. The specific form of glucose used in glycolysis is glucose 6-phosphate.

The number of amino acids in TMV is 158.
The coat protein (TMVP) of the virus contains 158 amino acid residues and was the first viral protein to be sequenced and to have its three-dimensional structure elucidated by X-ray crystallography.
Capsomeres in TMV have several amino acids. TMV viruses are those viruses that cause mosaic disease in tobacco.

In double fertilization, the male gamete and secondary nucleus form the Endosperm.
Double fertilization is a complex fertilization mechanism of flowering plants (angiosperms). This process involves the joining of a female gametophyte (megagametophyte, also called the embryo sac) with two male gametes (sperm).
It begins when a pollen grain adheres to the stigma of the carpel, the female reproductive structure of a flower. The pollen grain then takes in moisture and begins to germinate, forming a pollen tube that extends down toward the ovary through the style.
The cells of an unfertilized ovule are 8 in number and arranged in the form of 3+2+3 (from top to bottom) i.e. 3 antipodal cells, 2 polar central cells, 2 synergids & 1 egg cell.

Essential macronutrients are absorbed from the soil.
Macronutrients absorbed from the soil are nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium and sulphur.
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are also considered macronutrients as they are required in large quantities to build the larger organic molecules of the cell; however, they represent the non-mineral class of macronutrients.