Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

In flowering plants, archesporium gives rise to Wall and tapetum.
The cell or group of cells from which spore mother cells develop (as those from which the microspores develop in the pollen sac or the megaspore in the ovule).
A two-lobed anther develops four pollen sacs that situate at four corners of the anther. Development of pollen sacs begins with the differentiation of archesporial cells in the hypodermal region below the epidermis at four corners of the young anther.
The archesporial cells divide by periclinal division to give a subepidermal primary parietal layer and a primary sporogenous layer.

Yellow mosaic virus disease of moong, also known as mung bean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV), is primarily transmitted by the insect vector Bemisia tabaci. Bemisia tabaci, commonly known as the whitefly, is a notorious vector for various plant viruses, including yellow mosaic viruses. It feeds on the sap of infected plants and transmits the virus to healthy plants as it moves between them.

B. Aphir crassivora:
Aphir crassivora is not known to be a vector for the yellow mosaic virus disease of moong. It is not associated with the transmission of this particular virus.

C. Nephotettix viruscens:
Nephotettix viruscens is not known to be a vector for the yellow mosaic virus disease of moong. It is associated with the transmission of rice viruses, not the yellow mosaic virus of moong.

D. None of these:
This option is incorrect since the correct answer is A. Bemisia tabaci, which is known to spread the yellow mosaic virus disease of moong.

Therefore, the correct answer is:
A. Bemisia tabaci

The active compound in mineral gypsum and phosphogypsum is Calcium sulphate.
Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO₄·2H₂O.
Phosphogypsum (PG) is the calcium sulfate hydrate formed as a by-product of the production of fertilizer from phosphate rock. It is mainly composed of gypsum.
Although gypsum is a widely used material in the construction industry, phosphogypsum is usually not used but is stored indefinitely because of its weak radioactivity.

Sir Edwin John Butler is regarded as the father of Indian Phytopathology.
Plant pathology or phytopathology is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens and environmental conditions.
He was an Irish mycologist and plant pathologist. He became the Imperial Mycologist in India and later the first director of the Imperial Bureau of Mycology in England. He has been called the Father of Mycology and Plant Pathology in India.

Tundu disease (yellow ear rot) of wheat caused by Clavibacter tritici is usually associated with Anguina tritici.
The disease was first described by Hutchinson from Punjab in India. Milne (1919) observed the disease incidence depended on mechanical injury to the plant parts by eelworms and that the bacterium could grow only on the excretion of the eelworms.
The 'tundu' disease is characterized by twisting of the stem, distortion of the earhead, and rooting of the spikelets with a profuse oozing liquid from the affected tissues. Hence, the name of the disease is yellow ear rot. The ooze contains masses of bacterial cells.

Lactic acid fermentation does not produce CO₂ and NADH.
Lactic acid fermentation is a metabolic process by which glucose or other six-carbon sugars are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate, which is the lactic acid in solution.
It is an anaerobic fermentation reaction that occurs in some bacteria and animal cells, such as muscle cells.

The Downey mildew disease of pearl millet is primarily Soil borne.
Downy mildew of pearl millet, it is referred to as 'green ear' is the most destructive disease of pearl millet. This disease is widely distributed in temperate and tropical areas of the world and is especially important in India.
This fungus is soil-borne. The fungus may persist in the soil for five to ten years. Under cool, water-saturated soil conditions, the spores, upon contact with roots, germinate and enter the seedling's roots, and spread throughout the entire plant.

Ug 99 race specific to Puccinia graminis tritici.
Ug 99 is a lineage of wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici), which is present in wheat fields.
It is predicted to spread rapidly through these regions and possibly further afield, potentially causing a wheat production disaster that would affect food security worldwide.
Ug 99 and its variants differ from other strains of the Black Stem Rust pathogen due to their ability to overcome resistance genes in wheat that has been durable against the BSR pathogen for decades.

PR-9 has the property of Peroxidase.
Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are proteins produced in plants in the event of a pathogen attack. They are induced as part of systemic acquired resistance.
Pathogenesis-related proteins, often called PR proteins, are structurally diverse groups of plant proteins that are toxic to invading fungal pathogens.
PR-9 is Haem peroxidase has Tobacco lignin forming peroxidase.

Needham described the first plant nematode disease, the seed gall caused by Anguina tritici in 1743 AD.
Turbevil Needham (1743) accidentally recorded the first plant parasitic nematode when he crushed one of the shrunken and blackened wheat grains and observed "Aquatic worms, Eels, or Serpents, which they very much resemble.
Anguina tritici is a plant pathogenic nematode. It was the first plant parasitic nematode to be described in the literature in 1743. It causes a disease in wheat and rye called "ear-cockle" or seed gall.