Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Repeated applications of pesticides produce Immune strains.
Exposure to pesticides induces modifications in the immune system according to the specific pesticide and includes the alteration of well-regulated immune responses to tumor antigens, allergens, self-antigens and microbial antigens that can increase the susceptibility of the organism to develop various types of cancers.

Promycelium in rust fungi bears Basidiospores.
Rusts are plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales.
Rust fungi require two unrelated hosts to complete their life cycle, with the primary host being infected by aeciospores and the alternate host being infected by basidiospores.
They usually do not infect a plant directly, instead, they germinate to produce basidia and basidiospores. Basidiospores are windborne haploid spores that often infect the alternate host in Spring.

Downy mildew of pea caused by Perenospora pisi.
Downy mildew of peas is caused by the obligate parasite Peronospora pisi, which occurs sporadically throughout temperate pea-growing regions across the world.
To screen pea lines against this biotrophic pathogen, a suitable and reproducible in vitro method using living plant material is required.

The Urea of foliar spray should not contain a biuret of more than 1.5%.
Fertilizer-grade urea contains the impurity biuret which is toxic to the plant, especially when applied as a leaf dressing.
Biuret of more than 1.5% can damage the root of the plant and also useful bacteria and chock the capillary of the root cell, Nitrogen carrying capacity will be reduced.

Both longitudinal and transverse septation are found in Alternaria.
Alternaria is a genus of Deuteromycetes fungi. All species are known as major plant pathogens.
Spores of Alternaria can be formed singly, but most often in chains. They are typically club-shaped and are highly septate, having divisions in both vertical and horizontal directions. The spore surfaces are usually smooth but may have small rounded warts creating a slightly rough surface.

Accessory pigments transfer their energy to chlorophyll molecules through Resonance.
It then transfers captured light from one pigment to the next as resonance energy, passing energy from one pigment to the other until reaching the special chlorophyll molecules in the reaction center.
Chlorophyll also transfers resonance energy in the antenna complex, ending in the reaction center where specific chlorophylls P680 and P700 are located.

Captan is a contact fungicide.
Captan is a dicarboximide that is 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydrophthalimide in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a trichloromethyl group.
Captan works by coming into contact with a fungus and interrupting a key process in its life cycle. It can be toxic to many different fungal diseases. Captan is non-systemic, which means it is not expected to move through plants.

Albugo candida causes white blisters or white rust on crucifers and is an Obligate parasite.
A.candida is an obligate plant pathogen that infects Brassicaceae species and causes the disease known as white rust or white blister rust. It has a relatively smaller genome than other oomycetes.
This pathogen infects plants in the family Brassicaceae; the growth stages involved include the seedling stage, the growing stage, the flowering stage and the fruiting stage.

The fusion of vegetative hyphae is known as Anastomosis.
An anastomosis is a connection or opening between two things that are normally diverging or branching.
In mycology, anastomosis is the fusion between branches of the same or different hyphae. Hence the bifurcating fungal hyphae can form true reticulating networks.
Hyphal anastomoses represent key structures for the formation of efficient and interconnected AMF mycorrhizal networks, which are fundamental to AMF survival, plant/soil nutrient flow, and the maintenance of genetic diversity.

Residual herbicide is the herbicides that are applied to the soil at the time of seeding.
A residual herbicide, also known as a long-lasting weed killer, is a type of herbicide that gives longer-lasting weed control of germinating.
Herbicides, also commonly known as weedkillers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.