Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Triploid tissue is Endosperm in Maize/Wheat/Lily.
The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants following double fertilization.
It is triploid in most species, like wheat, maize and lily, etc. which may be auxin-driven.
It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch, though it can also contain oils and protein. This can make endosperm a source of nutrition in animal diets. For example, the wheat endosperm is ground into flour for bread.

The viruses are usually helped or accompanied by smaller spherical particles of another serologically unrelated virus known as the Satellite virus.
A satellite is a subviral agent that depends on the coinfection of a host cell with a helper virus for its replication.
They encode structural proteins to enclose their genetic material, which is therefore distinct from the structural proteins of their helper viruses.
Satellites are completely dependent on a helper virus for replication. The symbiotic relationship between a satellite and a helper virus catalyzes the replication of a satellite genome.

An instantaneous source of energy is Glucose.
Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C₆H₁₂O₆.
Glucose is the main sugar found in your blood. It comes from the food we eat, and is our body's main source of energy. our blood carries glucose to all of our body's cells to use for energy.

The genetic material of CaMV is ds DNA.
Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) is a member of the genus Caulimovirus, one of the six genera in the family Caulimoviridae, which are pararetroviruses that infect plants.
CaMV contains a circular double-stranded DNA molecule of about 8.0 kilobases, interrupted by nicks that result from the actions of RNAse H during reverse transcription.
The CaMV genome consists of approximately 8,000 base pairs of circular, double-stranded DNA. The genome encodes seven genes (gene I to gene VII), also called P1 to P7 for encoded proteins 1-7.

SOP is better than MOP when the crops are Sensitivity to chloride.
SOP is Sulphate of Potash and MOP is the Muirate of Potash means potassium chloride.
Some of the crops are sensitive to chlorides then in that case SOP is better to use. SOP is not a naturally occurring mineral and usually must be produced through chemical methods. And because of the resource-intensive process used to create it, SOP is priced higher than MOP.

a. FYM (Farmyard manure), is primarily made from cow dung, cow urine, waste grass and other dairy waste. It is rich in nutrients. It contains 0.25% of P₂O₅.
b. Bird guano is the desiccated droppings of seabirds and it is a highly effective fertilizer. It contains 11 - 14% of P₂O₅.
c. Night soil is human excreta collected from cesspools, septic tanks, etc., and is removed usually at night and is a good source of fertilizer with 4.0% of P₂O₅.
d. Compost is a mixture of ingredients used to fertilize and improve the soil. It is commonly prepared by decomposing plant and food waste and recycling organic materials. It contains 0.51%.

The major nutrients are N, P and K.
The macronutrients are taken up in larger quantities; hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon contribute to over 95% of a plant's entire biomass on a dry matter weight basis. Along with phosphorus and potassium.
Nitrogen is a major constituent of several of the most important plant substances. For example, nitrogen compounds comprise 40% to 50% of the dry matter of protoplasm, and it is a constituent of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins It is also an essential constituent of chlorophyll.
Phosphorus is the structural component of the nucleic acids: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), as well as a constituent of fatty phospholipids that are important in membrane development and function.
Potassium is essential for enzyme activity including enzymes involved in primary metabolism. It plays a role in turgor regulation, affecting the functioning of the stomata and cell volume growth.

The shape of MLO is Polymorphic.
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that, like the other members of the class Mollicutes, lack a cell wall around their cell membranes. They can be parasitic or saprotrophic.
Due to the absence of cell walls, these organisms can change their shape and are polymorphic, which means, occur in several different forms, in particular concerning species or genetic variation.

Millardet developed Bordeaux mixture.
In 1882, Millardet in France (Bordeaux University) accidentally observed the efficacy of the copper sulphate against the downy mildew of grapes caused by Plasmopara viticola.
It is used in vineyards, fruit farms and gardens to prevent infestations of downy mildew, powdery mildew and other fungi. It is sprayed on plants as a preventive treatment; its mode of action is ineffective after a fungus has become established.

Formation of ATP occurs both during cyclic and noncyclic modes of photophosphorylation.
The phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP using the energy of sunlight is called photophosphorylation. Whether the process is cyclic or non-cyclic both involve the formation of ATP molecules.
This consumes the H⁺ ions produced by the splitting of water, leading to a net production of $$\frac{1}{2}{{\text{O}}_2},$$  ATP and NADPH + H⁺ with the consumption of solar photons and water.
In cyclic photophosphorylation, the high-energy electron released from P700, a pigment in a complex called photosystem I, flows in a cyclic pathway.
Non-cyclic photophosphorylation is a two-stage process involving two different chlorophyll photosystems in the thylakoid membrane.