Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

The scientific name of potato blackleg pathogen is Erwinia carotovora.
Blackleg is a plant disease of potatoes caused by pectolytic bacteria that can result in stunting, wilting, chlorosis of leaves, necrosis of several tissues, a decline in yield, and at times the death of the potato plant.
Blackleg in potatoes is most commonly caused by Pectobacterium atrosepticum (older synonym: Erwinia carotovora subsp. astroseptica), a gram-negative, nonsporulating, facultative anaerobe that is also associated with soft rot of potatoes.

A virus capsid is made up of Protein.
A capsid is the protein shell of a virus, enclosing its genetic material. It consists of several oligomeric structural subunits made of proteins called protomers.
The majority of the viruses have capsids with helical or icosahedral structure. Once the virus has infected a cell and begins replicating itself, new capsid subunits are synthesized using the protein biosynthesis mechanism of the cell.
In some viruses, including those with helical capsids and especially those with RNA genomes, the capsid proteins co-assemble with their genomes.

The common bunt, stinking smut, or hill bunt of wheat is caused by pathogen Tilletia tritici and Tilletia foetida.
Common bunt, also known as hill bunt, Indian bunt European bunt, stinking smut or covered smut, is a disease of both spring and winter wheat. It is caused by two very closely related fungi, Tilletia tritici and T. laevis.
Millions of spores are released at harvest and contaminate healthy kernels or land on other plant parts or the soil. The spores persist on the contaminated kernels or in the soil.

Rust includes in Basidiomycotina.
The Basidiomycota also contains perhaps the most important plant pathogens, the rusts and the smuts. These fungi do not produce macroscopic fruiting bodies, but instead bear their spores on the stems, leaves, and flowers of host plants.
Rust fungi are highly specialized plant pathogens with several unique features. Rust fungi are obligate plant pathogens that only infect living plants. Infections begin when a spore lands on the plant surface, germinates and invades its host.

Nitrogen is absent in plant ash.
Plant ash is the residue left behind when plants are heated to high temperatures. The fresh weight of the plant includes the weight of water and protoplasm. Plant ash acts like a time-release fertilizer under natural conditions of moistening and drying, freezing and thawing.
Wood ash contains nutrients that can be beneficial for plant growth. Calcium is the plant nutrient most commonly found in wood ash and may comprise 20% or more of its content, but it lacks nitrogen.

At carbon atom III chlorophyll a has a Methyl group.
Chlorophyll a is a specific form of chlorophyll used in oxygenic photosynthesis. It absorbs most energy from wavelengths of violet-blue and orange-red light, and it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum.
The molecular structure of chlorophyll a consists of a chlorin ring, whose four nitrogen atoms surround a central magnesium atom, and has several other attached side chains and a hydrocarbon tail formed by a phytol ester. CH₃ is the methyl group at the C-7 position chlorophyll a.

ATP synthesis occurs on the inner membrane of mitochondrion.
The inner mitochondrial membrane contains many copies of a protein called the F0F1ATPase. This is also called ATP synthase. It consists of two parts: the F0 component spans the membrane and provides a channel for protons to move into the matrix from the intermembrane space.
The ATP synthase complex is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria, with ATP synthesis reaction occurring on the membrane side toward the matrix compartment.

Potassium is involved in promoting many enzymatic activities that regulate plant processes.
Potassium is associated with the movement of water, nutrients and carbohydrates in plant tissue.
It is involved with enzyme activation within the plant, which affects protein, starch and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. The production of ATP can regulate the rate of photosynthesis.

If fertilizer prices go up the optimum close should come down.
A fertilizer is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients.
The price of fertilizer has gone up and large-scale farms have begun to use less fertilizer. If large-scale farms keep reducing their use of fertilizer subsidies, they have no choice but to optimize the fertilizer they have which would therefore gain an increase in both grain yield and profit.

Sporopollenin is part of Pollen grain covering.
Sporopollenin is one of the most chemically inert biological polymers. It is a major component of the tough outer (exine) walls of plant spores and pollen grains. It is chemically very stable and is usually well preserved in soils and sediments.