Profit And Loss - Aptitude MCQ Questions and Solutions with Explanations

$$\eqalign{ & {\text{Cost of each calculator}} \cr & {\text{ = Rs}}{\text{.}}\left( {250 + \frac{{2500}}{{150}}} \right) \cr & = {\text{Rs}}{\text{. 266}}\frac{2}{3} \cr & {\text{S}}{\text{.P}}{\text{. of each calculator}} \cr & {\text{ = Rs}}{\text{.}}\left( {\frac{{95}}{{100}} \times 320} \right) \cr & = {\text{Rs}}{\text{. 304}}{\text{}} \cr & \therefore {\text{ Profit }}\% \cr & {\text{ = }}\left( {\frac{{112}}{3} \times \frac{3}{{800}} \times 100} \right)\% \cr & = 14\% \cr} $$

According to the question,
Loss = 20% Selling price
$$i.e.\frac{{{\text{Loss}}}}{{{\text{Selling price}}}} = \frac{1}{5}$$
∴ Cost price = Selling price + Loss
= 5 + 1
= 6
$$\eqalign{ & \therefore {\text{Loss}}\% = \frac{1}{6} \times 100 \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \frac{{50}}{3}\% \cr} $$

According to the question,
Given,
Loss = Cost price - 9400 = x ......(i)
Profit = 10600 - Cost price = 2x .......(ii)
Put the value of equation (i) in equation (ii)
∴ 10600 - Cost price = 2
(Cost price - 9400)
10600 - Cost price = 2 Cost Price - 18800
3 Cost price = 29400
$$\eqalign{ & {\text{Cost price}} = \frac{{29400}}{3} \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = 9800 \cr & {\text{Cost price}} = {\text{Rs}}{\text{. 9800}} \cr} $$

According to the question,
Cost price of pen = Rs. 50
Cost price of 50 pen = Rs. 50 × 50
= Rs. 2500
To gain 10% overall sold at = Rs. 2750
Now, 40 pen sold at 5% loss
∴ Selling price of 40 pens
= 40 × 47.5
= Rs. 1900
Remaining 10 pens sold to get overall profit of 10% at = Rs. 850
selling price of 1 (remaining pens)
$$ = \frac{{850}}{{10}} = {\text{Rs}}{\text{. 85}}$$
Cost price of 1 pen = Rs. 50
Profit % of remaining pens
$$\eqalign{ & {\text{ = }}\frac{{35}}{{50}} \times 100 \cr & = 70\% \cr} $$

Let the original price of the commodity be Rs. 100.
Increased price = Rs. 110
Price after discount
$$\eqalign{ & = {\text{85}}\% {\text{ of Rs}}{\text{.110}} \cr & {\text{ = Rs}}{\text{.}}\left( {\frac{{85}}{{100}} \times 110} \right) \cr & = {\text{Rs}}{\text{. 93}}{\text{.50}}{\text{}} \cr} $$
∴ Discount on original price = (100 - 93.50)% = 6.5%

Let the original price of the camera be Rs. 100.
Discounted price = Rs. 80
Profit = 40%
∴ S.P. = 140% of Rs. 80
$$\eqalign{ & {\text{ = Rs}}{\text{.}}\left( {\frac{{140}}{{100}} \times 80} \right) \cr & = {\text{Rs}}{\text{.112}}{\text{.}} \cr} $$
So, profit percentage on original price = (112 - 100)% = 12%

let there is 100 stock with price cost price Rs. 100.
Total cost is 100 × 100 = Rs. 10000
∴ 50 item sold at price 40% profit
i.e = 140 × 50 = Rs. 7000
⇒ 25 item sold at price 40% loss
i.e = 60 × 25 = Rs. 1500
⇒ And remaining 25 item sold at cost price
i.e = 100 × 25 = Rs. 2500
∴ total sell price is 7000 + 1500 + 2500 = Rs. 11000 (profitable)
∴ Profit% is 10% gain

According to the question,
Pen × Profit (%) = Total Profit
Total 150 pens × 15 = 2250
50 × 10 = 500
100 × a = 1750
a = 17.5
∴ Remaining profit% of pen = 17.5% or $$17\frac{1}{2}$$%

Decrease in sale = 80% from 2008 to 2009
Now, sales of 2010 are same as in 2008
:. Increase in sales
$$\eqalign{ & = \left[ {\frac{{100 \times {\text{a}}}}{{100 - {\text{a}}}}} \right]\% \cr & = \left[ {\frac{{100 \times 80}}{{100 - 80}}} \right]\% \,\,\,\left[ {{\text{a}} = 80\% } \right] \cr & = \frac{{8000}}{{20}}\% \cr & = 400\% \cr} $$

Let Cost price= Rs. 100
Then,
Marked price = Rs. 120
Selling price = 90% of Rs. 120
$$\eqalign{ & = {\text{Rs}}{\text{.}}\left( {\frac{{90}}{{100}} \times 120} \right) \cr & = {\text{Rs}}{\text{.108}}{\text{}} \cr} $$
∴ Profit % = (108 - 100) % = 8%