Computer fundamental MCQ Questions and answers- Technical Aptitude

The term "billi" is an informal short form derived from the word "billion".

In the short scale (commonly used in most English-speaking countries), a billion is equal to 1,000,000,000 or 10⁹.

The options given in the question are:

A. 100  B. 10,000  C. 1,000  D. 10

None of these values are equal to a billion. They are all significantly smaller than 1,000,000,000.

Therefore, the only correct option is Option E: None of the above.

A digital computer is a type of computing device that processes information using discrete values, most commonly binary digits (0 and 1).

The fundamental working principle of digital computers is based on the concept of counting, where operations are performed using a finite set of values. These values are handled using binary number systems and logic circuits that recognize distinct signal levels.

Each signal represents either a 0 or 1, and the computer counts or processes these signals to perform operations. This is why we say digital computers operate on the counting principle.

Now, let’s examine the incorrect options:

Option B: measuring

Measuring is associated with analog computers, not digital. Analog computers work on continuous signals and are used to measure physical quantities like voltage, temperature, and speed. Digital computers, on the other hand, use discrete values, so measuring is not the correct principle.

Option C: electronic

While digital computers are indeed electronic devices, this option refers to the technology used, not the principle of operation. Saying "electronic" is like describing the medium rather than the logic or function of the system. It doesn't explain how the computer operates logically or mathematically.

Option D: logical

Digital computers perform logical operations using logic gates, but these operations are built upon the binary counting system. While logic is a key component of computer functioning, it is not the core principle. Logic is a method or process, whereas counting is the foundational principle that allows those logical operations to occur.

Option E: None of the above

This is incorrect because Option A is valid. Therefore, choosing “None of the above” is not applicable.

Final Conclusion:

The operation of a digital computer is fundamentally based on the counting principle, as it processes data in discrete steps using binary values. While logic and electronics are involved in the functioning, the foundational concept is based on counting.

Hence, the correct answer is counting.

Supercomputer PARAM 8000 (made by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC)) was launched on 1^st July 1991 is considered India's first supercomputer. It was indigenously built in 1991 by C-DAC and was replicated and installed at ICAD Moscow in 1991 under Russian collaboration.

A DRAM cell is composed of an access transistor and a capacitor. Data is stored in the capacitor as electrical charge, but electrical charge leaks over time. Therefore, DRAM must be refreshed periodically to preserve the stored data.

Magnetic disk is a sequential access device. It is a direct access secondary storage device. In case of direct access devices, the storage location may be selected and accessed at random.

Analog-to-digital conversion is an electronic process in which a continuously variable (analog) signal is changed, without altering its essential content, into a multi-level (digital) signal. The output of the ADC, in contrast, has defined levels or states.

Data is collected in the form of source documents, placed into groups, and then input to the computer. Batch input method is a type of data transfer method. It is used for bulk data transfer; it is one of the primary ways by which data can transferred into the R/3 System.

The name of the memory card which is conceptually related to the smart card but is similar to the video disk in Laser card. Laser was a debit card scheme in Ireland between 1996 and 2014. Laser cards were withdrawn from the market on 28^th February 2014.

In 1830, Charles Babbage designed a machine called the Analytical Engine which he showed at the Paris Exhibition. In which year was it exhibited in 1855.

The parity chip is used for error checking, to make sure that the other chips aren't making any errors. A RAM chip is the actual device that contains the transistors that allow implementation of random access memory in hardware. It is the most basic and integral part of memory, as it is the basic building block for RAM cards and other applications.