Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Fertilization involving carrying of male gametes by pollen tube is Siphonogamy.
Siphonogamy is a condition in plants in which pollen tubes are developed for the transfer of the male cells to the eggs.
The seed plants are siphonogamous, while in the lower plants, the male cells usually swim to the eggs. As a consequence, the spermatophytes were sometimes called siphonogams.

Viroids are ss & circular.
Viroids are small single-stranded, circular RNAs that are infectious pathogens.
The first recognized viroid, the pathogenic agent of the potato spindle tuber disease, was discovered, and named by Theodor Otto Diener, a plant pathologist at the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Research Center in Beltsville, Maryland, in 1971.
Viroids only infect plants, and infectious viroids can be transmitted to new plant hosts by aphids, by cross-contamination following mechanical damage to plants as a result of horticultural or agricultural practices, or from plant to plant by leaf contact.

Von Schmeling and Kulka first time demonstrated the systemic activity of fungicides in 1966.
A SYSTEMIC fungicide may be defined as a fungicidal compound that is readily translocated as such in the plant, rendering the tissues penetrated toxic to fungi.
In their treatment they treated pinto bean and barley seed with 1,4-oxathiin derivatives gave disease control by systemic fungicidal action of such pathogenic fungi as Uromyces phaseoli and Ustilago nuda.

pH for culturing fungi is 6 - 6.5.
pH impacts the composition of microbes and nutrient availability in soil. Organic sources of the elements are dependent on the activity of bacteria and fungi to release them in the soil.
Fungi may be cultured on a variety of media types. These media can be either solid or liquid depending on the experiment to be performed. Most fungi grow in medium containing a high carbohydrate source, nitrogen source, a pH of 6 - 6.5, and a temperature range from 15° - 37°C.

In an organism utilizing carbohydrates as its source of energy anaerobically, the R.Q. is likely Infinity.

The number of functional plant nutrients is 16.
These are essential plant nutrients required by plants for the proper functioning and growth of the plant.
These nutrients are Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and Sulphur as macronutrients and iron, manganese, boron, molybdenum, copper, zinc, chlorine and cobalt as micronutrients.

Endospore is formed in Gram +ve bacteria.
An endospore is a dormant, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by some bacteria in the phylum Bacillota.
The name "endospore" is suggestive of a spore or seed-like form, but it is not a true spore. It is a stripped-down, dormant form to which the bacterium can reduce itself.
Endospore formation is usually triggered by a lack of nutrients and usually occurs in Gram-positive bacteria.

The major role of minor elements inside living organisms is to act as Binder of cell structure.
Minor elements or microelements are usually only needed in trace amounts for cell functioning.
Microelements in humans play several physiological functions including the synthesis of enzymes, hormones and other substances, helping to regulate growth, development and functioning of the immune and reproductive systems.

Dicliny is found in Cucurbita.
Dicliny is the cross-pollination in which the flowers are either staminate (male) or pistillate (female).
Cucurbita is a genus of herbaceous fruits in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. Cross-pollination does occur readily within the family Cucurbitaceae.

The uredospores of Puccinia graminis are disseminated by Wind.
The uredosorus develops on the wheat plant from the dikaryotic mycelium produced by germination of aeciospore, which comes from barberry plant generally through wind dissemination.
They are dispersed by wind and germinate on leaf surfaces under humid conditions when the stomata are likely to be open.