Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Development of female gametophyte directly from megaspore mother cell without meiosis is called Apospory.
Apospory is the development of 2n gametophytes, without meiosis and spores, from vegetative, or nonreproductive, cells of the sporophyte.
Apospory develops in pteridophytes that have a mineral nutrition shortage due to insufficient minerals in the soil.

Bacteria with cell walls are included in Tenericutes.
Tenericutes are a unique class of bacteria that lack a cell wall and are typically parasites or commensals of eukaryotic hosts.
Tenericutes species were detected across a range of environments, including mud, bioreactors, hypersaline lake sediment, and groundwater. The non-human hosts of Tenericutes included marine animals, domestic animals and fungi.

Flor advanced the gene-for-gene concept of disease resistance and susceptibility.
In 1942, Harold Flor deduced that a single gene of this fungal pathogen was responsible for the ability of the fungus to cause disease on the flax plant.
He also determined that this gene in the fungus corresponded to a particular resistance gene in the flax plant. This interaction was called the gene-for-gene theory.
It states that (specificity) genes in the pathogen that determine pathogenicity have a one-to-one corresponding match to (specificity) genes in the host that determine resistance.

Bees are important to agriculture as they Perform pollination.
According to bee experts at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, a third of the world's food production depends on bees.
As they travel from one plant to another plant, bees deposit pollen on the female reproductive organs of new plants. This transfer of pollen in the trees allows for fertilization.
When animals and insects pick up the pollen of flowers and spread it, they allow plants, including many food crops, to reproduce.

Nitrogen is an important constituent of Proteins.
Nitrogen is a naturally occurring element that is essential for growth and reproduction in both plants and animals.
The building blocks of proteins are amino acids, in nucleic acids, that comprise the hereditary material and life's blueprint for all cells, and in many other organic and inorganic compounds.

Silica gel was 1^st developed for the preservation of Neurospora.
Silica gel is an amorphous and porous form of silicon dioxide (silica), consisting of an irregular tridimensional framework of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms with nanometer-scale voids and pores.
Silica gel is sometimes used as a preservation tool to control relative humidity in museum and library exhibitions and storage.

Groundnut cake from the following organic manures has the narrowest C/N ratio. A carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio or C : N ratio) is the ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in organic residues.
Groundnut cakes are suitable for all types of crops. Nutrient content percentage % ratio for this manure is, N : P : K = 7.3 : 3 : 2.2. This helps in improving the health of plants and thus enhances the crop yield. It is often used to boost the growth of fruit, flower and vegetable crops.

The effective concentration of HC toxin in μg/ml is 0.2.
HC-toxin is a cyclic tetrapeptide of the structure cyclo (D-Pro-L-Ala-D-Ala-L-Aeo), where Aeo stands for 2-amino-9,10-epoxi-8-oxodecanoic acid.
It is a determinant of specificity and virulence in the interaction between the producing fungus, Cochliobolus carbonum, and its host, maize.

The root-knot nematode generally interaction with Pseudomonas solanacearum.
Root-knot nematodes are plant-parasitic nematodes from the genus Meloidogyne. They exist in the soil in areas with hot climates or short winters.
Root-knot nematode larvae infect plant roots, causing the development of root-knot galls that drain the plant's photosynthate and nutrients.
Pseudomonas is found in soil or water; some cause diseases in plants, and a few cause serious plant diseases especially in potatoes and tomatoes in interaction with the root-knot nematode.

Calcium, magnesium and sulphur are defined as Secondary nutrients.
Secondary nutrients are those that plants require in smaller quantities.
Calcium regulates the transport of other nutrients into the plant and is also involved in the activation of certain plant enzymes.
The outstanding role of magnesium in plant nutrition is as a constituent of the chlorophyll molecule.
Sulphur is a structural component of some amino acids and vitamins, and is essential for chloroplast growth and function.