Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

K. C. Mehta is regarded as the father of Modern Indian phytopathology.
Phytopathology is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors).
Karam Chand Mehta obtained his Ph.D. (1922) and ScD (1941) from the University of Cambridge, UK specializing in plant pathology.
Mehta investigated the effect of temperature on the viability of uredospores of rust fungi attacking wheat, namely the black, brown and yellow rusts.

FYM (farmyard manure) is an important organic resource for agricultural production in livestock-based farming systems in the semi-arid tropics of India.
The chemical composition of FYM is nitrogen is 0.5% nitrogen and 0.2% phosphate. 0.5% potassium and 76% of water.
For 60 kg of nitrogen for a crop, 120 tonnes of farmyard manure is required as 1 ton of FYM contains 0.5 kg of Nitrogen.

A specific function of light in the process of photosynthesis is Split water molecules.
In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas.
The hydrogen freed by the splitting of water is used in the creation of two further compounds that serve as short-term stores of energy, enabling its transfer to drive other reactions these compounds are reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the "energy currency" of cells.

The contribution of fertilizers to the increase in food production is 50%.
A fertilizer is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients.
Increased use of nitrogen fertilizers has been a crucial component of the increased productivity of conventional food systems (more than 30% per capita) as part of the so-called "Green Revolution".
This transition was important in transforming the global food system, allowing for larger-scale industrial agriculture with large crop yields.

Karnal bunt of wheat is discovered in Haryana.
Karnal bunt is a fungal disease of wheat, durum wheat, and triticale. It is named after Karnal, India, where the disease was first discovered on a wheat crop in 1931.
The smut fungus Tilletia indica, a basidiomycete, invades the kernels and obtains nutrients from the endosperm, leaving behind waste products with a disagreeable odour that makes bunted kernels too unpalatable for use in flour or pasta.

The Downey mildew of bajra is caused by S. graminicola.
One of the most important diseases of pearl millet is downy mildew, also known as green ear, caused by the fungus Sclerospora graminicola.
The resting spores of the fungus in the soil constitute the primary source of inoculum. Once the infection is established on a plant, the fungus sporulates and the spores are dispersed to create secondary infections within the crop. The fungus is systemic and infects plants in all stages of development.

A plant pollinated by bats is Kigellia.
Kigelia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. The flowers (and later the fruit) hang down from branches on long flexible stems.
Some birds are attracted to the flowers and the strong stems of each flower make ideal footholds. Their scent is most notable at night indicating that they are adapted to pollination by bats, which visit them for pollen and nectar.

Photorespiration is characteristic of C₃ plants.
Photorespiration happens in C₃ plants when the CO₂ concentration drops to about 50 ppm. The key enzyme that accomplishes the fixing of carbon is rubisco, and at low concentrations of CO₂, it begins to fix oxygen instead.

Myco virus was 1^st reported on Agaricus bisporus.
Mycoviruses are viruses that infect fungi. The majority of mycoviruses have double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genomes and isometric particles, but approximately 30% have positive-sense, single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) genomes.
The first mycovirus was reported in 1962 from the cultivated mushroom, Agaricus bisporus; the infected mushrooms developed malformed fruiting bodies, grew slowly, and matured early, resulting in serious yield losses.

The fishy smell found in wheat fields infected with karnal bunt is because of Trimethylamine.
Karnal bunt attacks durum wheat, rye, and triticale, a hybrid of wheat and rye. The smut fungus Tilletia indica, a basidiomycete, invades the kernels and obtains nutrients from the endosperm, leaving behind waste products with a disagreeable odor.
The disease produces dark color and a fishy smell on infected kernels. The odour is caused by the production of trimethylamine by the fungus.