Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

During monsoon, the rice crop of eastern states of India shows lesser yield due to the limiting factor of light.
Rice is considered the master crop of coastal India and in some regions of eastern India, where during the summer and monsoon seasons, both high temperature and heavy rainfall provide ideal conditions for the cultivation of rice.
At some places in the eastern and southern parts of India, rice crop of short light duration is followed by the rice crop of long light duration. Therefore, light is the limiting factor during monsoon season.

Yellow leaf mosaic of bhindi crop spreads Jassid and borers.
This disease is caused by a complex consisting of the monopartite begomovirus Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus and a small satellite DNA beta component.
BYVMV can systemically infect bhendi upon agroinoculation but produces only mild leaf curling in this host.
Comparative transmission of Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus by two cryptic species of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci.

Food is transported to different parts of plant through Phloem.
Phloem is the living tissue in vascular plants that transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis and is known as photosynthates, in particular the sugar sucrose, to the rest of the plant.
The phloem is composed of still-living cells that transport sap. The sap is a water-based solution, but rich in sugars made by photosynthesis.
Phloem tissue consists of conducting cells, generally called sieve elements, parenchyma cells, including both specialized companion cells or albuminous cells and unspecialized cells and supportive cells, such as fibres and sclereids.

Photosystem II occurs in Grana.
Photosystem II is the first protein complex in the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis. It is located in the grana of thylakoid membrane of plants, algae, and cyanobacteria.
The energized electrons are replaced by oxidizing water to form hydrogen ions and molecular oxygen.
Photosystem II (of cyanobacteria and green plants) is composed of around 20 subunits (depending on the organism) as well as another accessory, light-harvesting proteins.

The basic slag is Citrate soluble fertilizers.
Basic slag is a dark powder that is insoluble in water and does not cake. It contains not less than 14 percent P₂O₅ in citrate-soluble form. Basic slag is most suitable for use on acid soils as a base fertilizer.
Basic slag is a by-product of the steel industry. In the steelmaking process the impurities in the crude iron are oxidized and together with lime form the slag. This slag which contains the phosphorus in the form of silicophosphates is ground to a fine powder.

Stomata of CAM plants open during night and close during day.
CAM photosynthesis, is a carbon fixation pathway that evolved in some plants as an adaptation to arid conditions that allows a plant to photosynthesize during the day, but only exchange gases at night.
In a plant using full CAM, the stomata in the leaves remain shut during the day to reduce evapotranspiration, but they open at night to collect carbon dioxide (CO₂) and allow it to diffuse into the mesophyll cells. Stomata in CAM plants open during the dark period and close during light period.
Behavior of stomata in CAM plants is part of an adaptive mechanism evolved by plants that grow in hot and dry environments to conserve water.

The teleomorph of Colletotrichum falcatum is Glomerella tucumensis.
Glomerella cingulata is a fungal plant pathogen, being the name of the sexual stage (teleomorph) while the more commonly referred to asexual stage (anamorph) is called Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.
This pathogen is a significant problem worldwide, causing anthracnose and fruit rotting diseases on hundreds of economically important hosts.

Fertilizers SSP dissolve in the soil to furnish phosphate, calcium and Sulphur.
SSP is the most popular phosphatic fertilizer after DAP as it contains 3 major plant nutrients namely Phosphorus, Sulphur and Calcium along with traces of many micro-nutrients.
SSP is indigenously available and supply can be made at short notice. Oilseed farmers have special preference for SSP.

Calcium cynamide is a/an Amide fertilisers.
Calcium cyanamide is an inorganic compound with the formula CaCN₂. It is the calcium salt of the cyanamide (CN^2-₂) anion. This chemical is used as fertilizer and is commercially known as nitrolime.
Calcium cyanamide is used as a fertilizer, pesticide, and in the manufacture of other chemicals. It is irritating to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract in humans. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure may cause gastritis, rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis and tracheobronchitis.

All types of plastids possess essentially the same structure because they can transform from one form to another.
The plastid is a membrane-bound organelle found in the cells of plants, algae, and some other eukaryotic organisms. They are considered to be intracellular endosymbiotic cyanobacteria.
Depending on their morphology and function, plastids can differentiate, or redifferentiate, between these and other forms. These are:
• Chloroplasts: typically green plastids used for photosynthesis
• Chromoplasts: coloured plastids for pigment synthesis and storage
• Gerontoplasts: control the dismantling of the photosynthetic apparatus during plant senescence
• Leucoplasts: colourless plastids for monoterpene synthesis; leucoplasts sometimes
differentiate into more specialized plastids, like, Amyloplasts, Elaioplasts, Proteinoplasts, Tannosomes.