Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

For the effective control of early blight of potato, Dithane M-45 fungicide is most suitable.
Dithane F-45 fungicide is a broad-spectrum fungicide containing the active ingredient mancozeb. It is a contact fungicide with high protectant activity to control a wide range of fungal diseases. Dithane has been registered for use on dozens of crops for more than 50 years.
For prevention use throughout the growing season, spray potatoes every seven days. For treatment, apply within three days of the first signs of blight.

Blossom end rot of tomato is caused due to deficiency of Calcium.
Blossom-end rot is a physiological disease caused by a localized deficiency of calcium in the fruit. Calcium is a nutrient that is required in relatively large quantities by rapidly growing fruit, especially by those cells at the blossom end of the young fruit.

In 1845, the late blight of potato destroyed the potato crop of Ireland was caused by Phytophthora infestans.
Late blight, also called potato blight, disease of potato and tomato plants that is caused by the water mold Phytophthora infestans. The disease occurs in humid regions with temperatures ranging between 4 and 29°C.
The infection is caused by the zoospores found in the soil or that fall onto the tubers from infected foliage during harvest. Following germination, the zoospores penetrate the tubers through the "eyes", lenticels, growth cracks, wounds, or via the point of attachment to the plant.

Green alga is a biofertilizer.
Blue-green algae (BGA) are an easily available and economically cheap resource material for production and use as biofertilizers.
These are free-living, photoautotrophic micro-organisms, many of which also fix atmospheric nitrogen and are found in abundance in rice fields.

The most common 5 deficient nutrients in soils are N, P, K, S and Zn.
There is a total of 17 essential nutrient elements required by plants for their growth and development, which are further classified as macronutrients which are required in large amounts, and micronutrients which are required in fewer amounts.
The most common 5 deficient nutrients in soils are Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sulphur and the other one is Zinc. These nutrients are most commonly added as fertilizers to plants.

K is an essential mineral, not a constituent of any enzyme but stimulates the activity of many enzymes.
Potassium is associated with the movement of water, nutrients and carbohydrates in plant tissue. It's involved with enzyme activation within the plant, which affects protein, starch and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. The production of ATP can regulate the rate of photosynthesis.

The stage-I of a rust pathogen consists of Aeciospores.
Rust fungi are obligate plant pathogens that only infect living plants. Infections begin when a spore lands on the plant surface, germinates and invades its host.
Aeciospores from Aecia. These serve mainly as non-repeating, dikaryotic, asexual spores, and go on to infect the primary host.

Agrobacterium tumefacien bacteria are generally used in genetic engineering for the transfer of character from one organism to another.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium, which is used to transfer a small segment of DNA into the plant genome by the process known as transformation.
The T-DNA that Agrobacterium inserts into the plant genome contains instructions that will be copied into every cell that develops from this first genetically modified cell.

Polygonum type of embryo sac/female gametophyte of angiosperms is 7-celled, 8-nucleate.
The mitotic division (reduction division) of the mother megaspore gives rise to female gametophytes. The megaspore divides mitotically thrice to form firstly 2 then 4 and out of these 4 forms 8 nucleate embryo sacs. The process of formation of the 7-celled, 8-nucleate nature of female gametophyte.

Activated sludge contains 3 - 6% N, 2% P₂O₅ and 1.0% K₂O.
The activated sludge process is a type of biological wastewater treatment process for treating sewage or industrial wastewater using aeration and a biological floc composed of bacteria and protozoa.
It uses air (or oxygen) and microorganisms to biologically oxidize organic pollutants, producing a waste sludge (or floc) containing the oxidized material.