Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Lecithin can function as a carrier in active absorption.
Lecithin is a generic term to designate any group of yellow-brownish fatty substances occurring in animal and plant tissues that are amphiphilic, they attract both water and fatty substances and are used for smoothing food textures, emulsifying, homogenizing liquid mixtures, and repelling sticking materials.
It acts as a wetting agent, stabilizing agent, and choline enrichment carrier helps in emulsification and encapsulation and is a good dispersing agent.

Nematicides inhibit the Acetyl cholinesterase enzyme of the nervous system in the killing of nematodes.
Nematicides from both the organophosphate and carbamate groups affect the central nervous system of nematodes by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity.
This results in the build up of acetylcholine, which is a neurotransmitter in synapses and neuromuscular junctions, and causes nematode paralysis and death.

Assimilatory power produced in Hill reaction and used in Blackman's reaction refers to the generation of ATP and NADPH₂.
ATP and NADPH₂ are formed during the light reaction of photosynthesis. These are used for the assimilation of CO₂ and synthesis of carbohydrates in the Calvin cycle so ATP and NADPH₂ are known as assimilatory power.

Quarantine restriction has been imposed on Karnal bunt disease of wheat.
Karnal bunt is a fungal disease of wheat, durum wheat, and triticale. The smut fungus Tilletia indica, a basidiomycete, invades the kernels and obtains nutrients from the endosperm, leaving behind waste products with a disagreeable odour.
Karnal bunt is an internationally quarantine-significant fungal disease of wheat. Implementing an emergency quarantine, inspection, and certification program for wheat moving out of the infested areas, along with regulations on sanitizing machinery and storage facilities.

The 1^st computer simulation model against Alternaria solani causing blight disease in tomato and potato is EPIDEM.
One of the first computer simulation programs, called EPIDEM, was written in 1969 and resulted from modelling each stage of the life cycle of a pathogen as a function of the environment.
EPIDEM was designed to simulate epidemics of early blight of tomato and potato caused by the fungus Alternaria solani.

A special feature of C₄ plants is Kranz's anatomy.
C₄ plants often possess a characteristic leaf anatomy called kranz anatomy. Their vascular bundles are surrounded by two rings of cells; the inner ring, called bundle sheath cells, contains starch-rich chloroplasts lacking grana, which differ from those in mesophyll cells present as the outer ring.
The primary function of kranz anatomy is to provide a site in which CO₂ can be concentrated around RuBisCO, thereby avoiding photorespiration.

The endosperm cell of an angiosperm has 24 chromosomes. The number of chromosomes in the gametes would be 8.
As the endosperm cell of an angiosperm is triploid structure 3n.
The number of chromosomes in the gametes would be,
3n = 24
Therefore, n = $$\frac{{24}}{3}$$ = 8 chromosomes.

Oxathiin systemic fungicide was first time discovered by Von Schmeling and Kulka.
A systemic fungicide is taken up by a plant and is then translocated within the plant system, it can thereby protect the plant from infections and restrict/Control the further growth of existing fungal infections.
Oxathiin is a six-membered, unsaturated heterocycle containing four carbon atoms, one sulphur and one oxygen atom and two double bonds, but especially 1,4-oxathiin.

The ovule is straight with funiculus, embryo sac, chalaza and micropyle lying on one straight line. It is Orthotropous.
An orthotropous ovule is one in which no curvature takes place during development the micropyle is positioned opposite the funiculus base.
In the orthotropous ovule the body of these ovules is straight so that the chalaza, where the nucellus and integuments merge, the funicle, which attaches the ovule to the placenta, and the micropyle are all aligned.

The wavelength of light most absorbed during photosynthesis is 660 nm.
Not all wavelengths of light can support photosynthesis. The photosynthetic action spectrum depends on the type of accessory pigments present. For example, in green plants, the action spectrum resembles the absorption spectrum for chlorophylls and carotenoids with absorption peaks in violet-blue and red light.
The non-absorbed part of the light spectrum is what gives photosynthetic organisms their colour and is the least effective for photosynthesis in the respective organisms.