Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

The cell of bacteria is made up of Mucopeptide.
Mucopeptide is a peptidoglycan or polymer made of polysaccharides and peptide chains found in the cell walls of bacteria.
In bacteria, the cell wall forms a rigid structure of uniform thickness around the cell and is responsible for the characteristic shape of the cell. Inside the cell wall (or rigid peptidoglycan layer) is the plasma (cytoplasmic) membrane; this is usually closely opposed to the wall layer.

Maximum transpiration occurs from Periderm and lenticels.
Lenticels are spongy openings in the periderm that allow for gas diffusion into and out of the stem or root.
The periderm acts as armor protecting the plant's inner tissues from biotic and abiotic stress.
Among the given options, maximum transpiration occurs from periderm and lenticels.

The endosperm of angiosperms is produced after fertilization of a male gamete with a Secondary nucleus.
The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants following double fertilization. It is triploid (meaning three chromosome sets per nucleus) in most species, which may be auxin-driven.
The endosperm is the tissue that surrounds and nourishes the embryo in the seeds of angiosperms (flowering plants).

The causal organism Erysiphe graminis sp. tritici produces Cleistothecia.
Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici is a plant pathogen that causes a fungal infection known as powdery mildew.
A cleistothecium (plural: cleistothecia) is a globose, completely closed fruit body with no special opening to the outside. The ascomatal wall is called peridium and typically consists of densely interwoven hyphae or pseudoparenchyma cells produced by fungus infection.

Phytotron is meant for Growing plants in a controlled environment.
A phytotron is an enclosed research greenhouse used for studying interactions between plants and the environment. It was a product of the disciplines of plant physiology and botany.
The first phytotron was built under the direction of Frits Warmolt Went to the California Institute of Technology in 1949. It was funded by the Harry B. Earhart Foundation and was officially known as the Earhart Plant Research Laboratory.

The most important nutrient for oil production is Sulphur.
Sulphur plays an important role in the formation of plant proteins, amino acids, some vitamins and enzymes, photosynthesis, energy metabolism, carbohydrate production, and synthesis of protein.
The plants fed with sufficient sulphur in turn increase the yield and oil content of the seeds.

The optimum temperature for the incidence of BLB is 22° - 26°C.
Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) develops on the upper leaves of wheat during periods of cool, wet weather, after the plants have reached the boot stage.
Leaf blight disease is caused by the fungus Helminthosporium turcicum Pass. Leaf blight is associated with high relative humidity, wet weather, and cool spring temperatures.

J. Butler is the 1^st director of the Imperial Bureau of Mycology in 1921.
Sir Edwin John Butler was an Irish mycologist and plant pathologist. He became the Imperial Mycologist in India and later the first director of the Imperial Bureau of Mycology in England. He was knighted in 1939.
He has been called the Father of Mycology and Plant Pathology in India.

The first reaction in photosynthesis is the Excitation of chlorophyll molecules.
When energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centers that contain green chlorophyll (and other colored) pigments/chromophores. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas.

Carbon dioxide is fixed in the Dark reaction.
The dark reaction occurs outside of the thylakoids. In this reaction, the energy from ATP and NADPH is used to fix carbon dioxide (CO₂). The products of this reaction are sugar molecules and other organic molecules necessary for cell function and metabolism.
Carbon dioxide is fixed, that is, removed from the atmosphere and incorporated into a small, water-soluble carbohydrate in the dark reactions of photosynthesis.