Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

The Wilt of pigeonpea is caused by Fusarium udum.
Fusarium wilt of pigeon pea is both a soil-borne and seed-borne disease in which the infection level of untreated seeds may range from 13% to 19%. The infected seeds thus serve as a primary vehicle for the spread of this disease over long distances and/or to newer areas.
Fusarium wilt causes significant yield losses across the major pigeonpea production regions. Widespread and high diversity in F. udum hampers the breeding for pigeonpea wilt resistance.

Protein for protein synthesis was given by Vander Plank.
James Edward Vanderplank, best known to plant pathologists globally simply as 'Vanderplank', is widely regarded as one of the world's most influential plant scientists.
A typical plant cell synthesizes proteins in three distinct compartments: the cytosol, the plastids, and the mitochondria. Translation of mRNAs transcribed in the nucleus occurs in the cytosol.

Micronutrients are called micro because they are needed in small amounts.
Micronutrients are essential dietary elements required by organisms in varying quantities throughout life to orchestrate a range of physiological functions to maintain health.
There are about seven nutrients essential to plant growth and health that are only needed in very small quantities, thus termed Micronutrients.

In India, the leaf rust of coffee was first time recorded in 1870.
Coffee serves as the obligate host of coffee rust, that is, the rust must have access to and come into physical contact with coffee to survive.
Hemileia vastatrix is a multicellular basidiomycete fungus of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) that causes coffee leaf rust (CLR), a disease affecting the coffee plant.
Over the years that followed, the disease was recorded in India in 1870, Sumatra in 1876, Java in 1878, and the Philippines in 1889.

The 1^st cloned plant toxin gene is Hm¹.
The HM¹ gene in maize controls both race-specific resistance to the fungus Cochliobolus carbonum race 1 and expression of the NADPH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) dependent HC toxin reductase (HCTR), which inactivates HC toxin, a cyclic tetrapeptide produced by the fungus to permit infection.

Zinc is essential for the Biosynthesis of IAA.
Zinc activates tryptophan synthetase, which regulates the synthesis of tryptophan, involved in the biosynthesis of indoleacetic acid (IAA), hence, its main effect is on the meristematic areas involved in the foliar expansion and shoot growth.

ATP is the common product of born respiration and photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis makes the glucose that is used in cellular respiration to make ATP. The glucose is then turned back into carbon dioxide, which is used in photosynthesis. While water is broken down to form oxygen during photosynthesis, in cellular respiration oxygen is combined with hydrogen to form water.
Cellular respiration is the process by which biological fuels are oxidized in the presence of an inorganic electron acceptor such as oxygen to produce large amounts of energy, to drive the bulk production of ATP.

Trichoderma viride is the microbial agents that that is being commercially exploited as biocontrol agent.
Trichoderma viride is a fungus and a biofungicide. It is used for seed- and soil treatment for suppression of various diseases caused by fungal pathogens.
The fungicidal activity makes T. viride useful as a biological control against plant pathogenic fungi. It has been shown to provide protection against such pathogens as Rhizoctonia, Pythium and even Armillaria.

The carbon dioxide acceptor in Calvin cycle/C₃-plants is Ribulose 1, 5-diphosphate (RuBP).
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) is an organic substance that is involved in photosynthesis, notably as the principal CO₂ acceptor in plants. It is a colourless anion, a double phosphate ester of the ketopentose (ketone-containing sugar with five carbon atoms) called ribulose.
The enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (rubisco) catalyzes the reaction between RuBP and carbon dioxide.

Photorespiration occurs in Green parts.
Photorespiration refers to a process in plant metabolism where the enzyme RuBisCO oxygenates RuBP, wasting some of the energy produced by photosynthesis.
Photorespiration may be necessary for the assimilation of nitrate from soil. Lowering photorespiration may not result in increased growth rates for plants. Thus, a lowering in photorespiration by genetic engineering or because of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide.