Profit And Loss - Aptitude MCQ Questions and Solutions with Explanations

Let the C.P. of each article be Rs. 100
Then,
Cost Price of 16 articles
= Rs. (100 × 16)
= Rs. 1600
Selling Price of 15 articles
$$\eqalign{ & {\text{ = Rs}}{\text{.}}\left( {1600 \times \frac{{135}}{{100}}} \right) \cr & = {\text{Rs}}{\text{. 2160}}{\text{}} \cr & {\text{S}}{\text{.P}}{\text{. of each article}} \cr & {\text{ = Rs}}{\text{.}}\frac{{2160}}{{15}} \cr & = {\text{Rs}}{\text{. 144}}{\text{}} \cr} $$
If S.P. is Rs. 96, marked price = Rs. 100
If S.P. is Rs. 144, marked price
$$\eqalign{ & = {\text{Rs}}{\text{.}}\left( {\frac{{100}}{{96}} \times 144} \right) \cr & = {\text{Rs}}{\text{. 150}}{\text{}} \cr} $$
∴ Marked price = 50% above C.P.

(x - 5), (x - 4) ........., x(cost price of 6^th article), (x + 1)(x + 2) ....... (x + 5)
Average = $$\frac{{{\text{Price of }}{{\text{1}}^{{\text{st}}}}{\text{ book}} + {\text{Price of 1}}{{\text{1}}^{{\text{th}}}}{\text{ book}}}}{2}$$
$$\eqalign{ & = \frac{{x + 5 + x - 5}}{2} \cr & = x \cr} $$
Total cost price of 11 books = 11x
Total selling price of articles = 11x
Both are equal so neither profit nor loss

	James	:	Vaibhav
Last year →	4	:	5

Let last years total loss ⇒ 90
Last years loss of James $$ = 90 \times \frac{4}{9} = 40$$
Last years loss of Vaibhav $$ = 90 \times \frac{5}{9} = 50$$

James →	Last year	:	Present year
	3	:	5

3 ratio → 40
5 ratio → $$\frac{{200}}{3}$$

Vaibhav →	Last year	:	Present year
	2	:	3

2 ratio → 50
1 ratio → 25
3 ratio → 75

	James	:	Vaibhav
Present year →	$$\frac{{200}}{3}$$	:	75
	8	:	9

17 ratio → 357000
1 ratio → 21000
8 ratio → 168000

After selling for Rs. 43.20, it gives a loss of 10%
90% → 43.20
Selling Price
$$ = \frac{{43.20}}{{90}} \times 100 \times \frac{{110}}{{100}}$$
for gaining 10% profit = 52.80

$$\eqalign{ & {\text{Let C}}{\text{.P}}{\text{.}} = {\text{Rs}}{\text{. 100}}{\text{}} \cr & {\text{Then,}} \cr & {\text{M}}{\text{.P}}{\text{. = Rs}}{\text{. 135,}} \cr & {\text{S}}{\text{.P}}{\text{. }} = {\text{Rs}}{\text{.108}}{\text{}} \cr & \therefore {\text{Discount }}\% \cr & = \left( {\frac{{27}}{{135}} \times 100} \right)\% \cr & = 20\% \cr} $$

Let C.P. of whole stock = Rs. 100
Then,
Marked price of whole stock = Rs. 120
$$\eqalign{ & {\text{M}}{\text{.P}}{\text{. of }}\frac{1}{2}{\text{ stock}} \cr & {\text{ = Rs}}{\text{. 60,}} \cr & {\text{M}}{\text{.P}}{\text{. of }}\frac{1}{4}{\text{ stock}} \cr & {\text{ = Rs}}{\text{. 30}} \cr} $$
∴ Total S.P.
= Rs. [60 + (80% of 30) + (60% of 30)]
= Rs. (60 + 24 + 18) = Rs. 102
Hence, gain% = (102 - 100)% = 2%

Selling price of 8 articles = Cost price of 10 articles
8 Selling price = 10 Cost price
$$\eqalign{ & \frac{{{\text{Selling price}}}}{{{\text{Cost price}}}} = \frac{{10}}{8} \cr & {\text{Profit percentage}} \cr & = \frac{2}{8} \times 100 = 25\% \cr} $$

Let the cost price = 100 unit
Now M.R.P = 120 units
$$\eqalign{ & {\text{Selling price}} \cr & = \frac{{120 \times 80}}{{100}} = 96 \cr & {\text{Loss}} = 100 - 96 \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = 4 \cr & {\text{Loss }}\% = \frac{4}{{100}} \times 100 \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = 4\% \cr} $$

Cost Price	:	Markde Price
(100 - Discount%)	:	(100 + Profit%)
88	:	121
8	:	11

If there is no discount given,
Then:
Marked price = Selling price
So, Profit %
$$\eqalign{ & = \frac{{11 - 8}}{8} \times 100 \cr & = \frac{3}{8} \times 100 \cr & = 37.50\% \cr} $$

Since the marked price is not given, so that cost price cannot be determined.