Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Genetic drift is called the Sewall Wright effect.
This effect says that when small populations of a species are isolated, out of pure chance the few individuals who carry certain relatively rare genes may fail to transmit them.
Genetic drift is the change in frequency of an existing gene variant in the population due to random chance. Genetic drift may cause gene variants to disappear completely and thereby reduce genetic variation.

The chromosome number turners syndrome is XO.
Females inherit one X chromosome from each parent. In females who have Turner syndrome, one copy of the X chromosome is missing, partially missing, or changed.
It is also known as 45, X, or 45, XO is a genetic condition in which a female is partially or completely missing an X chromosome.
Turner syndrome is not usually inherited; rather, it occurs during the formation of the reproductive cells in a parent or early cell division during development.

In passive water absorption, water is absorbed through Tension due to transpiration pull.
Passive absorption is absorption by the pull from transpiration without the active involvement of the root cells.
The tension created by transpiration “pulls” water in the plant xylem, drawing the water upward in much the same way that you draw water upward when you suck on a straw.

The features of Satellite DNA are unique sequences of DNA.
Satellite DNA (satDNA) is highly repetitive DNA consisting of short sequences repeated a large number of times.
It carries a variable AT-rich repeat unit that often forms arrays up to 100 Mb. The monomer length of satDNA sequences ranges from 150 to 400 bp in the majority of plants and animals.

A tautomeric shift in adenine (amino to imino) allows it to pair with Cytosine only.
The spontaneous isomerization of a nitrogen base to an alternative hydrogen-bonding form, possibly results in a mutation.
Reversible shifts of proton position in a molecule. Bases in nucleic acids shift between keto and enol forms or between amino and imino forms.

Crossing of Sacharum officinarum with related species followed by one or more backcrosses is called Nobilisation.
Nobilization refers to the breeding theory of the development and utilization of wild germplasm.
Saccharum spontaneum is the main donor of resistance and adaptive genes in the nobilization breeding process.

4 phenotypes are possible in ABO blood groups.
The possible human phenotypes for the blood group are type A, type B, type AB, and type O.
The four main blood types are A, B, O and AB. For a blood transfusion, the ABO blood group system is used to match the blood type of the donor and the person receiving the transfusion.
Blood group A has A antigens on the red blood cells with anti-B antibodies in the plasma. Blood group B has B antigens with anti-A antibodies in the plasma. Blood group O has no antigens, but both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma. Blood group AB has both A and B antigens.

Energy is transformed from the light reaction step to the dark reaction step by ATP.
The dark reaction occurs outside of the thylakoids. In this reaction, the energy from ATP and NADPH is used to fix carbon dioxide (CO₂). The products of this reaction are sugar molecules and other organic molecules necessary for cell function and metabolism.
ATP can be used to store energy for future reactions or be withdrawn to pay for reactions when energy is required by the cell. Plants capture and store the energy they derive from light during photosynthesis in ATP molecules.

In the Drosophila 16A region of the X, chromosome causes a normal eye. If the region is repeated the eye produced is Barr.
A Barr is an inactivated, condensed X chromosome found in female cells. Since females possess two X chromosomes and males have one X chromosome and Y chromosome, Barr bodies are essential to regulate the amount of X-linked gene product being transcribed.

In the gametophytic system of self-incompatibility, partial fertility will result from a cross between S₁S₂ × S₁S₃.
In gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI), the SI phenotype of the pollen is determined by its gametophytic haploid genotype.
A fertile hermaphrodite seed plant cannot produce zygotes after self-pollination.