Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

The occurrence of genetic impurity is more in Cross pollinated crops.
Genetic impurity is defined as impurities that have been demonstrated to cause deleterious changes in the genetic material regardless of the mechanism.
As cross-pollinated crop involves the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another plant, and it leads to a lot of genetic diversity as well as a genetic impurity.

The 0.3% of DNA does not replicate during the S phase. This DNA replication occurs in Zygotene.
S phase (Synthesis Phase) is the phase of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G₁ phase and G₂ phase. Since accurate duplication of the genome is critical to successful cell division, the processes that occur during S-phase are tightly regulated and widely conserved.
Zygotene is the second stage of meiosis prophase-1 after the S phase, here uncoiling and condensing of chromosomes takes place. Also, the leftover DNA that does not replicate during S-phase, replicates in the zygotene phase.

A total number of DOS centres in India is 43.
The Department of Space is an Indian government department responsible for the administration of the Indian space program.
It manages several agencies and institutes related to space exploration and space technologies. The Indian space program under the DoS aims to promote the development and application of space science and technology for the socio-economic benefit of the country.

The Source of turgor in plant cells is Water.
Turgor pressure is the force within the cell that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall. It is also called hydrostatic pressure and is defined as the pressure in a fluid measured at a certain point within itself when at equilibrium.
Turgor pressure is caused by the osmotic flow of water and occurs in plants, fungi, and bacteria, thus, the source of turgor in plant cells is water.

Photorespiration is induced by High O₂ content.
Photorespiration refers to a process in plant metabolism where the enzyme RuBisCO oxygenates RuBP, wasting some of the energy produced by photosynthesis.
This process is induced by a higher concentration of oxygen. RuBisCO enzyme catalyzes the carboxylation of RuBP during the first step of the Calvin cycle, functions as an oxygenase, and oxygen fixation is increased.

Waldeyer coined the term chromosome.
He was a German anatomist, known for summarizing neuron theory and for naming the chromosome in 1888.
A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. These chromosomes display a complex three-dimensional structure, which plays a significant role in transcriptional regulation.

A linked gene on the same chromosome does not follow independent assortment.
whenever two genes are linked because of their location on a chromosome, their alleles will not segregate independently during gamete formation.
As a result, test crosses involving alleles of linked genes will yield phenotypic ratios that stray from the classic Mendelian ratios.

Germplasm for short-term storage is a working collection.
Germplasm conservation is the most successful method to conserve the genetic traits of endangered and commercially valuable species. Germplasm is a live information source for all the genes present in the respective plant, which can be conserved for long periods and regenerated.
Short-term storage, maintained at 18 to 20ºC and 30 to 40% relative humidity, is used to hold seeds while they are dried and prepared for medium and long-term storage.

From the marriage between two heterozygotes for albinism, the chance that the first would be non-albino is ³/₄.
Albinism is the congenital absence of melanin in an animal or plant resulting in white hair, feathers, scales and skin, and pink or blue eyes. Individuals with the condition are referred to as albinos.
For two heterozygote parents (Aa), ¹/₄ of all offspring would be expected to show the recessive trait of albinism.
The chance of a child of these parents having normal skin color (Non-albino) is ³/₄.

Mitosis occurs in the Leaf cell.
Cell division by mitosis gives rise to genetically identical cells in which the total number of chromosomes is maintained. Before mitosis, the DNA is duplicated and then the chromosomes are split equally into two daughter cells.
Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, this means that it takes place in all types of cells that are not involved in the production of gametes. Therefore it occurs in the leaf cell.