Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

The rust fungi completing their life cycle on one host are called autoecious.
Autoecious rust is an obligate parasitic fungus that needs a single host species to complete its life cycle. So, the autoecious rust fungus spends all stages of the life cycle in one specific host organism. Fungi belonging to Urediniomycetes are autoecious rust fungi.

Anton de Bary is the father of plant pathology.
Heinrich Anton de Bary was a German surgeon, botanist, microbiologist, and mycologist. He is considered a founding father of plant pathology (phytopathology) as well as the founder of modern mycology.
Plant pathology is the science that studies the causes of plant diseases, the mechanisms by which diseases develop in individual plants and plant populations, and the ways and means by which plant diseases can be managed or controlled.

Beanveria bassina and Metarrhizium anisopliae are entomopathogenic fungi.
Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae are two of the most important and widely used entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) to control insect pests.
Their function is in promoting plant growth after artificial inoculation. To better assess fungal colonization and growth-promoting effects of B.

AS is better than urea on S-deficient soils, because it has Sulphuric acid.
Ammonium sulphate is an inorganic sulphate salt obtained by the reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia.
It is an important source of nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) for crop nutrition. It can be used as a directly applied fertilizer as well as a component of NPK blends and compound fertilizers.

The pathogen responsible for charcoal rot soybean is Macrophomina phaseolina.
Charcoal rot is a soilborne root and stems disease of soybean that develops in the mid to late summer when plants are under stress, especially heat and drought stress.
Charcoal rot is caused by the soilborne fungus Macrophomina phaseolina. This pathogen has a wide host range that includes corn, sunflower, and some weeds.
The fungus overwinters in the residue of host tissues and can survive for at least two years in dry soil.

Rock phosphate contains 20 - 30% P₂O₅.
Phosphate rock is the primary source of phosphorus (P) and the main raw material for phosphate fertilizers.
Phosphate ore is extracted from sedimentary deposits (85% of world production) and magmatic deposits. Phosphate ore grades range between 2% and 35% phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅).

External water is not required for the fertilization of Spermatophytes.
In pteridophytes, fertilization takes place in presence of water. At the time of fertilization neck, canal cells and ventral canal cells disintegrate forming a passage for antherozoids to enter inside.
Whereas in spermatophytes that are gymnosperms and angiosperms, external water is of need for fertilization because in this the male gametes are carried through the pollen tube.

Phyllody disease of sesamum spread by Leafhopper.
Phyllody can be a symptom of phytoplasma infection. Phytoplamas are bacteria-like parasites that grow and multiply in the vascular tissue of plants.
They are usually spread from plant to plant by plant-sucking insects such as leafhoppers and mites.

Gene for Gene hypothesis was 1^st observed in Linseed rust.
The gene-for-gene relationship was discovered by Harold Henry Flor who was working with rust (Melampsora lini) of flax (Linum usitatissimum).
The inheritance of both resistance in the host and parasite's ability to cause disease is controlled by pairs of matching genes. One is a plant gene called the resistance (R) gene. Gene-for-gene relationships are a widespread and very important aspect of plant disease resistance.

Fertilizers contain one or more Plant nutrients.
A fertilizer is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients. Fertilizers enhance the growth of plants.
Fertilization focuses on three main macronutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) with the occasional addition of supplements like rock flour for micronutrients.