Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Tift 60 is an important source of male sterility in Sorghum.
Sorghum is one of the most important grain crops in the world. The nuclear male sterility (NMS) trait, which is caused by mutations in the nuclear gene, is valuable for hybrid breeding and genetic studies.

The imbibition of water in seeds occurs through Micropyle.
The micropyle is a small opening in the surface of an ovule, through which the pollen tube penetrates, often visible as a small pore in the ripe seed.
It is a part of the ovule of the seed. Seeds also absorb water, and they do this through the process of imbibition.

The chromosome number in pollen grain is 8, and the chromosome number in the plant root tip is 16.
As pollen grains are haploid, therefore if the chromosome number in the pollen grain is 8 that indicates, the chromosome number in the root tip of the plant will be double that is 16 as root tips are diploid.

Mendel's papers were rediscovered by Correns, de Vries and Tschermack.
Three botanists - Hugo DeVries, Carl Correns and Erich von Tschermak - independently rediscovered Mendel's work in the same year, a generation after Mendel published his papers. They helped expand awareness of the Mendelian laws of inheritance in the scientific world.

In green plants, photosynthesis takes place in Chloroplasts.
Leaves are ideal for photosynthesis because they are usually broad and flat, giving plenty of surface area for light to be absorbed.
The chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis. Part of the photosynthesis reactions occurs in an internal membrane within the organelle. The chloroplast contains many of these internal membranes, making photosynthesis very efficient.

The dihybrid ratio 9 : 3 : 4 indicates Supplementary gene interaction.
Supplementary genes are genes that both contribute to a single characteristic, where one gene can mask the effect of the other.
Two independent dominant genes interact to produce a phenotypic expression different from that produced by either gene alone.

The phenotypic ratio of Incomplete dominance is 1 : 2 : 1.
Incomplete dominance results from a cross in which each parental contribution is genetically unique and gives rise to progeny whose phenotype is intermediate.
Incomplete dominance is also referred to as semi-dominance and partial dominance. Mendel described dominance but not incomplete dominance.
A cross of two F1 hybrids, heterozygous for a single trait that displays incomplete dominance is predicted to give a 1 : 2 : 1 ratio among both the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring.

The concept of the gene-for-gene hypothesis was developed in Linseed.
The gene-for-gene relationship was discovered by Harold Henry Flor who was working with rust (Melampsora lini) of flax (Linum usitatissimum).
Flor showed that the inheritance of both resistance in the host and parasite ability to cause disease is controlled by pairs of matching genes. One is a plant gene called the resistance (R) gene.

Root pressure is maximum when transpiration is slow and absorption is high.
Transpiration is the loss of excess water vapour through the stomata of plants, but when absorption of water through root hairs in root is at a higher rate while the loss is less the pressure on the root of the plant increases to its maximum value.

The crop having low pollen dispersal and seed set in the male sterile plant is Tomato.
In tomato flowers, anthers are poricidal, pollen may drop from their pore when flowers are shaken by the wind.
The inability to produce or to release viable or functional pollen results in failure of formation or development of functional. Male sterility is characterized by nonfunctional pollen grains, while female gametes function normally.