Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

The remenants of nucellus forms Perisperm.
Perisperm is the nutritive tissue of a seed derived from the nucellus and deposited externally to the embryo sac.
It is the nutritive tissue of a seed that includes both endosperm and perisperm formed after the process of fertilization.

The 'operon concept' of gene regulation was proposed by Jacob and Monod.
Operon Theory is the concept of gene regulation proposed by François Jacob and Jacques Monod (1961).
An operon is a functioning unit of DNA containing a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter.
The repressor encoded by a regulatory gene binds to the operator and represses the transcription of the operon.

The outer membrane of mitochondria has Porin.
The outer mitochondrial membrane fully surrounds the inner membrane, with a small intermembrane space in between.
The outer membrane has many protein-based pores that are big enough to allow the passage of ions and molecules as large as a small protein known as porins.

The Law of segregation is the law that explains the ratio obtained by crossing Rr × Rr.
The law of segregation states that each individual that is a diploid has a pair of alleles for a particular trait.
Each parent passes an allele at random to their offspring resulting in a diploid organism. The allele that contains the dominant trait determines the phenotype of the offspring.

The process in which seeds are formed but an embryo develops without fertilization is Apomixis.
Apomixis (asexual seed formation) is the result of a plant gaining the ability to bypass the most fundamental aspects of sexual reproduction: meiosis and fertilization. Without the need for male fertilization, the resulting seed germinates a plant that develops as a maternal clone.

The end product of photosynthesis is Starch.
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to fuel the organism's activities.
Starch is the primary product of photosynthesis. Starch represents the main plant storage carbohydrate that provides energy during heterotrophic growth.

The resulting two daughter cells produced by the bridge-breakage fusion cycle will have Both Duplication and Deficiency.
Breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycle is a mechanism of chromosomal instability, discovered by Barbara McClintock in the late 1930s.
The BFB cycle begins when the end region of a chromosome, called its telomere, breaks off. When that chromosome subsequently replicates it forms two sister chromatids which both lack a telomere.

Passive absorption of minerals takes place through the Ionic exchange.
Ion exchange is a reversible process, and the ion exchanger can be regenerated or loaded with desirable ions by washing with an excess of these ions.
In plants and animals, mineral absorption, also called mineral uptake is how minerals enter the cellular material, typically following the same pathway as water.

An individual with a gametic chromosome number is a Haploid.
Haploid refers to the presence of a single set of chromosomes in an organism's cells.
A haploid describes a cell that contains a single set of chromosomes. The term haploid can also refer to the number of chromosomes in egg or sperm cells, which are also called gametes.
In humans, gametes are haploid cells that contain 23 chromosomes, each of which a one of a chromosome pair that exists in diploid cells.

Chiasmata terminalization refers to the movement of chiasmata (the points where crossing over has occurred between homologous chromosomes) towards the ends of the chromosomes.

This process is a key feature of the Diplotene stage of Prophase I in meiosis.

During Diplotene, the homologous chromosomes begin to separate but remain attached at chiasmata, which gradually move toward the telomeres — a process known as terminalization.

Pachytene is the stage where crossing over occurs, Zygotene is when synapsis starts, and Leptotene is the initial stage where chromosomes begin to condense.

Therefore, chiasmata terminalization specifically occurs during Diplotene.