Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Pusa Ratna is a new variety of Mungbean.
It is Suitable for the Kharif season.
The average seed yield is 12.0 q/ha
Pods are synchronous in maturity and mature in 65 - 70 days.
This variety is tolerant to the mungbean yellow mosaic virus.

If Mendel had found the linkage genes in his studied traits he could not be able to formulate the Laws of independent assortment.
Genetic linkage is the tendency of DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction.
It is the most prominent exception to Gregor Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment. Gregor Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment states that every trait is inherited independently of every other trait.

A pure tall plant was grown in nutrient-limited soil and became a dwarf. If this plant was selfed then the genotype in the F₁ generation are all tall plants.
A pure tall plant has genes TT, whereas in limitation of nutrients its phenotype is affected. If the plants with dominant and pure genes (TT) are selfed then all tall plants will only be developed as there is the absence of any dwarf or recessive genes.

Inbreeding of cross-pollinated species leads to an increase in Homozygosity.
Homozygosity is the case where similar or identical alleles combine to express a trait that is not otherwise expressed (recessiveness). Inbreeding exposes recessive alleles through increasing homozygosity.
Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically.

Interveinal chlorosis is caused by the deficiency of Magnesium.
Interveinal Chlorosis is a yellowing of the tissue between the veins of a leaf due to the decline of chlorophyll production and activity.
Magnesium (Mg) is needed by all crops to help capture the sun's energy for growth and production through photosynthesis. It also helps to activate specific enzyme systems.

The plant Variety Act was formulated in 1993.
A new variety shall be registered under this Act if it conforms to the criteria of novelty, distinctiveness, uniformity and stability.
Plant Breeder's Rights are used to protect new varieties of plants by giving exclusive commercial rights for 20 years (25 years for trees or vines) to market a new variety or its reproductive material.

The correct sequence of hybrid seed production is 1, 2, 4 and 3 respectively.
Hybrid seed is produced by cross-pollinated plants. Hybrid seed production is predominant in modern agriculture and home gardening.
Crossing two genetically different plants produce a hybrid seed (plant) using controlled pollination. To produce consistent F₁ hybrids, the original cross must be repeated for each season.
The hybrid seed production process induces the production of inbreed lines, selection of inbreed lines, testing of combining ability and lastly production of F₁ seed.

The theory of 'Gemmules' was proposed by Darwin.
In 1868 Charles Darwin proposed Pangenesis, a developmental theory of heredity.
He suggested that all cells in an organism are capable of shedding minute particles he called gemmules, which can circulate throughout the body and finally congregate in the gonads.

The Pebble mill is used to remove the webby hairs from grasses.
The mill is used for removing cob-webby hairs from bluegrass and similar seeds. It has a drum rotating about a shaft, inserted off-centre at opposite ends.
The mill is loaded with seeds and smooth half-inch pebbles and turned at a slow speed until the rubbing action of the pebble rolls the fuzz from the seeds into small round balls.

The number of linkage groups in diploid plants with chromosome number 24 will be 12. $$\left( {\frac{{24}}{2} = 12} \right).$$
Linkage, as related to genetics and genomics, refers to the closeness of genes or other DNA sequences to one another on the same chromosome. The closer two genes or sequences are to each other on a chromosome, the greater the probability that they will be inherited together.
They are inherited as a group during cell division, they act and move as a unit rather than independently.