Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

a. CPCRI was established in the year 1970. Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) was established in 1970 as one of the agricultural research institutes at Kasaragod.
b. CTCRI was established in the year 1963. Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram to create a Satellite Incubation Centre in the Industrial tapioca areas of Viluppuram and Namakkal districts.
c. IASRI was established in 1959. Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI) is a pioneer institute of ICAR undertaking research, teaching, and training in Agricultural Statistics, Computer Application and Bioinformatics.
d. IGFRI was established in 1966. Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute aim to fulfill the needs of the nation and to conduct organized scientific research exclusively on grasslands and fodder production and their utilization.

Self-splicing introns are found in rRNA genes.
Self-splicing occurs for rare introns that form a ribozyme, performing the functions of the spliceosome by RNA alone.
The Tetrahymena pre-rRNA self-splicing intron is shown to function in the unnatural context of an mRNA transcribed by RNA polymerase II in mammalian cells.

The organelle directly connected to the outer membrane of the nucleus in a eukaryote cell is ER.
The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum, so the space between the inner and outer nuclear membranes is directly connected with the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.

Melanin is the Pigment that is responsible for skin colour.
Melanin is a complex polymer that originates from the amino acid tyrosine. Melanin is present in human and animal skin to varying degrees and is responsible for your unique eye, hair and skin colour.
Melanin is a substance in your body that produces hair, eye and skin pigmentation. The more melanin is produced, the darker the eyes, hair and skin will be.

Clonal selection is the best method for potatoes.
Clonal selection is a tool to produce high-quality seeds. It is done by initially selecting high quality tubers and then multiplying each clone separately.
Clonal selection is an easy and less time-consuming method. Easy maintenance because there is no problem of outcrossing and loss of seed viability.
Clonal selection is a method of improving vegetatively propagated crops like sugarcane, banana, potato, citrus, mango, etc.

The mutation is due to changes in genes because of Loss, Degeneration and Addition.
Mutations include changes as small as the substitution of a single DNA building block, or nucleotide base, with another nucleotide base.
Meanwhile, larger mutations can affect many genes on a chromosome. Along with substitutions, mutations can also be caused by insertions, deletions, or duplications of DNA sequences.

Negaheru discovered the triangle of Brassica in 1935.
It is a theory about the evolution and relationships among the six most commonly known members of the plant genus Brassica.
The theory states that the genomes of three ancestral diploid species of Brassica combined to create three common tetraploid vegetables and oilseed crop species.

In a cross of AB and ++, 750 are parental types out of 1000 progenies. The map unit between A and B is 75 map units.
A map unit is a unit for measuring genetic linkage. It is defined as the distance between chromosome positions for which the expected average number of intervening chromosomal crossovers in a single generation is 0.01.
Map unit between A and B
$$\eqalign{ & = \frac{{{\text{no}}{\text{. of recombinants}}}}{{{\text{total no}}{\text{. of offsprings}}}} \cr & = \frac{{750}}{{1000}} \times 100 \cr & = 75{\text{ maps unit}}{\text{.}} \cr} $$

In succulent plants, the stomata open during the night and close by the day, the best hypothesis to explain the mechanism of stomatal action at night only is the Absorption of CO₂ and its conversion to organic acids, which results in the increased uptake of potassium ions and water.
Higher than ambient CO₂ concentrations mediate a closure of stomatal pores in plants and conversely, low CO₂ concentrations trigger the opening of stomatal pores.
In succulent plants, during the night, there is incomplete oxidation of carbohydrates and accumulation of organic acids without the release of CO₂.

The bouquet stage is observed during Leptotene.
During the leptotene stage, those duplicated chromosomes each consisting of two sister chromatids condense from diffuse chromatin into long, thin strands that are more visible within the nucleoplasm.
During this stage, the chromosomes attach themselves by their ends to the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope. At the transition to the zygotene stage, the telomeres usually aggregate at a nuclear envelope sector, thereby forming a meiotic bouquet.