Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Cross-pollination is associated with Dichogamy.
Cross-pollination is the process of applying pollen from one flower to the pistils of another flower.
Dichogamy refers to the maturation of anthers and stigma of the same flowers at different times. It promotes cross-pollination even in the hermaphrodite species.

Magnesium will be left if chloroplast is burnt.
Chloroplasts are chlorophyll-containing organelles in plant cells; they play a vital role in life on Earth since photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts.
If chloroplast is burnt, then the mineral element magnesium is left while all other organic part is lost.

Bulk population breeding is suitable for Small grain crops.
Bulk population breeding is suitable for small grain crops. Bulk population breeding is a strategy of crop improvement in which the natural selection effect is solicited more directly in the early generations of the procedure by delaying stringent artificial selection until later generations.

Termination codons are UAA, UAG, UGA.
A set of three adjacent bases in the DNA or their complementary bases in messenger RNA that specifies the end of a polypeptide chain.
The three chain-termination codons (in messenger RNA) are UAA, UAG and UGA. They are also called termination codons, stop codons or nonsense codons.

a. Robert Brown invented Nucleus in 1831, in a talk at the Linnean Society of London. Brown was studying orchids under the microscope when he observed an opaque area, which he called the "areola" or "nucleus", in the cells of the flower's outer layer.
b. Benda invented Mitochondria. Benda first became aware of the existence of hundreds of these tiny bodies in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and assumed that they reinforced the cell structure. Because they tended to form long chains, he coined the name mitochondria ("thread granules").
c. Dave invented Lysosome. He made serendipitous discoveries of two cell organelles, peroxisome, and lysosome, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1974.
d. Porter invented the Endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum is one of the most intriguing and fascinating organelles. It is found in all eukaryotic cells and performs an amazing number of different functions. The organelle was named by Keith Porter in 1953.

The common form of DNA present in living organisms is the B form.
The most common form, present in most DNA at neutral pH and physiological salt concentrations, is B-form. That is the classic, right-handed double helical structure.
Canonical B-DNA is a double helix made of two antiparallel strands that are held together via hydrogen bonding in the A•T and G•C base pairs.

The bending of the ovule is like a horseshoe in Anatrophous.
Anatropous is a condition of having or being a plant ovule inverted so that the micropyle is bent down to the funiculus to which the body of the ovule is united.
An anatropous ovule is one in which curvature during development results in the displacement of the micropyle to a position adjacent to the funiculus base; this is the most common ovule type of angiosperm and is presumed to be ancestral.

The maximum recombination percentage is 50.
The recombination frequency between two genes cannot be greater than 50% because a random assortment of genes generates 50% recombination (non-linked genes produce 1 : 1 parental to non-parental. Thus, the recombination frequency would be non-parental/total → $$\frac{1}{{1 + 1}} = 50\% $$  ).

If a person of B blood group has children with a person of AB blood group then the blood group that would their children have will be A, B and AB.
The antibodies here are A and B, thus the total combination of Blood groups their children may have will be either A, B, or AB.

During Transcription, mRNA provides the template.
During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase (green) uses DNA as a template to produce a pre-mRNA transcript (pink).
The pre-mRNA is processed to form a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated to build the protein molecule (polypeptide) encoded by the original gene.