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Geomorphology and Surface Processes MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Geomorphology and Surface Processes. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Geomorphology and Surface Processes chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering. Page-3 section-1

21
The concept of graded river profile refers to?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
A graded river is one that has achieved a balance between erosion and deposition, resulting in a smooth, concave-up profile.It represents the ideal, stable state of a mature river.
22
What is the role of vegetation in slope stability?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Vegetation enhances slope stability by reinforcing the soil with roots and reducing surface water through transpiration.This helps prevent erosion and landslides.
23
A flat-topped mountain formed by differential erosion is called?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
A mesa is a flat-topped landform with steep sides, formed when a hard layer resists erosion above softer layers.It is typical of arid landscapes.
24
Which of the following is formed by solution weathering in limestone regions?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Sinkholes are depressions or holes caused by the dissolution of limestone by slightly acidic water.They are common in karst topography.
25
Which river feature forms due to deposition on the inside bend of a meander?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
A point bar is formed by sediment deposition on the inner side of a river bend where the velocity is lowest.It is a feature of meandering rivers.
26
What kind of sediment is typically transported as bed load in a river?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
The bed load consists of larger particles like sand and gravel that move along the bottom of a river channel.Fine materials are carried in suspension or solution.
27
The term "inselberg" refers to?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
An inselberg is an isolated hill or mountain rising abruptly from a flat plain, often found in arid or semi-arid regions.It is formed by long-term erosion of surrounding softer rocks.
28
What is a floodplain?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
A floodplain is a flat area adjacent to a river that experiences periodic flooding and sediment deposition.It is rich in nutrients and ideal for agriculture.
29
Which process causes downcutting of river valleys?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Vertical erosion deepens river valleys by cutting down into the bed.This process is dominant in the youthful stage of a river.
30
What is the landform created when a river overflows and changes course permanently?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
An oxbow lake forms when a meander loop is cut off from the main channel, creating a U-shaped lake.It results from river course change due to erosion and deposition.