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Geomorphology and Surface Processes MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Geomorphology and Surface Processes. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Geomorphology and Surface Processes chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering. Page-5 section-1

41
What is the dominant process in forming badlands?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Badlands are formed by rapid water erosion in semi-arid areas with soft sedimentary rocks.They have deeply incised gullies and ridges.
42
What is a braided stream?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
A braided stream has several channels separated by temporary islands or bars of sediment.It occurs where there is a high sediment load and variable discharge.
43
What causes oxbow lakes to form?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Oxbow lakes form when a meander loop is cut off from the main river channel due to erosion and deposition.They appear as U-shaped lakes near rivers.
44
What is the main reason for dune migration in deserts?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Dune migration is primarily due to wind transporting sand over the crest and depositing it on the leeward side.This process moves dunes slowly in the direction of the wind.
45
What kind of valley is formed by glacial erosion?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
U-shaped valleys are broad, deep, and flat-bottomed valleys carved by glaciers.This contrasts with the narrow, V-shaped valleys formed by rivers.
46
What is the name of a landform created by deposition of sediments at the mouth of a river?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
A delta is formed when a river deposits sediments as it enters a standing body of water like a sea or lake.It forms a typically fan-shaped or triangular area of fertile land.
47
Which process is responsible for the formation of V-shaped valleys?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
River erosion in the youthful stage creates V-shaped valleys by vertical cutting into bedrock, with steep sides.
48
Which of the following features is associated with wind erosion?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
A yardang is a streamlined, wind-eroded ridge found in arid regions, aligned in the direction of prevailing winds.It is carved by abrasion.
49
What does an alluvial fan form from?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
An alluvial fan forms where a stream flows out of a mountainous area onto a plain, losing energy and depositing coarse sediments in a fan shape.
50
Which of the following is the best example of a depositional feature formed by a river?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
A point bar is a depositional feature on the inner bank of a meander bend where the river flow is slow, causing sediment to accumulate.