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Geomorphology and Surface Processes MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Geomorphology and Surface Processes. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Geomorphology and Surface Processes chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering. Page-9 section-1

81
Which coastal feature is formed by deposition?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
A tombolo is a depositional landform where a sandbar or spit connects an island to the mainland or another island.Formed due to wave refraction.
82
What is a gully?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
A gully is a deep, narrow channel formed by intense water erosion during heavy rains.It can lead to soil loss and land degradation.
83
What process leads to the formation of loess deposits?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Loess is a fine-grained, wind-deposited silt originating from glacial outwash plains.It forms fertile soils in many parts of the world.
84
Which term describes the flat region formed by repeated river flooding?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
A floodplain is a low-lying area adjacent to a river, periodically flooded and enriched by sediments.It is highly fertile and important for agriculture.
85
What is the name of a ridge formed between two cirques?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
An arete is a sharp ridge formed between two glacial cirques by headward erosion.It appears jagged and narrow.
86
What is the main factor responsible for the shape of sand dunes?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Wind speed and direction shape sand dunes by transporting and depositing sand grains.Different dune shapes reflect wind consistency and strength.
87
Which of the following is NOT a landform created by glacial erosion?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Loess plateau is not formed by glacial erosion; it's a wind-deposited silt feature.The others are classic glacial landforms.
88
What is the process by which a river lengthens its course upstream called?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Headward erosion is the extension of a river's source area upstream through erosion.It increases the drainage basin size.
89
What is the significance of base level in river erosion?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
The base level is the lowest elevation to which a river can erode, usually sea level.It controls vertical erosion and sediment deposition.
90
What is the geomorphological term for a steep slope or small cliff at the edge of a terrace or plateau?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
An escarpment is a steep slope or long cliff formed by erosion or faulting separating two relatively level areas.Common in tectonic and sedimentary settings.