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Geomorphology and Surface Processes MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Geomorphology and Surface Processes. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Geomorphology and Surface Processes chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering. Page-4 section-1

31
What is the term for wind-deposited silt that forms fertile soils?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Loess is a fine, wind-blown silt deposit that creates very fertile agricultural soils.It is common in mid-latitude areas such as China and parts of the U.S.Till is glacial, moraine is also glacial, and barchan is a sand dune.
32
A conical hill formed by the collapse of a limestone cave roof is called?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
A sinkhole is a depression formed when the roof of an underground limestone cave collapses due to chemical weathering.It's a key feature in karst landscapes.
33
Which landform is created when a river erodes sideways?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
A meander forms as a river erodes its banks sideways, especially in its middle to old age.This leads to winding, snake-like bends in the river.
34
What type of delta is formed when river deposition dominates over tidal or wave action?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
A bird-foot delta forms when river sediment dominates, such as the Mississippi River Delta.The delta appears like bird toes due to multiple distributary channels.
35
What is exfoliation in geomorphology?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Exfoliation is a mechanical weathering process where rock layers peel off due to pressure release, especially in granite regions.This often creates dome-shaped landforms.
36
A narrow, steep-sided coastal inlet formed by glacial erosion is called?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
A fjord is a deep, glacially carved coastal valley that has been flooded by the sea.It typically has steep walls and U-shaped cross-sections.
37
What is the term for the lowest point to which a stream can erode?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
The base level is the lowest elevation a river can erode to, usually sea level.
38
Which of the following is a depositional coastal feature?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
A tombolo is a depositional feature formed when a spit connects an island to the mainland or another island.It results from wave deposition of sediments.
39
What is an arete in glacial geomorphology?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
An arete is a sharp ridge formed between two adjacent glacial cirques.It is an erosional feature found in mountainous glacial areas.
40
Which of the following landforms indicates recent tectonic uplift?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
River terraces are step-like surfaces on valley sides formed by downcutting due to uplift or a fall in base level.They indicate past river floodplains.