Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Microsporogenesis occurs in Anthers.
Microsporogenesis in the anther involves the meiotic division of pollen mother cells, which each produce four microspores.
These then undergo mitosis to form pollen grains (microgametophytes), which at maturity consist of only three cells, the tube cell and two non-motile sperm cells.

The flowers do not open at all in Cleistogamy.
Cleistogamy means the formation of flowers that do not open and those flowers are classified as Cleistogamous flowers.
It is a type of automatic self-pollination of certain plants that can propagate by using non-opening, self-pollinating flowers.
Thus the production of seeds in such flowers is a result of autogamy.

The seed multiplication ratio in bajra is 1 : 200.
It is the number of seeds to be produced from a single seed when it is sown and harvested.
The process of seed planning involves the use of the Seed Multiplication Ratio (SMR) in the computation and estimation of seed demand in the country.

The process of making seeds free from inert matter and defective seeds is Physical purity.
It is the cleanliness of seed from other seeds, debris, inert matter, diseased seed, and insect-damaged seed. It also should be devoid of shriveled, diseased mottled, moulded, discoloured, damaged and empty seeds.
Physical purity testing refers to the analysis for classifying the composition of a seed lot. It is important for evaluating whether the given seed sample conforms to the prescribed purity standards.

According to Harrington's thumb rule, all the given options are correct that are:
a. For every decrease of 1 % in seed moisture, the lifetime of the seed is doubled.
b. For every decrease of 5°C in storage temperature the lifetime of the seed gets doubled.
c. The second condition is applicable when the storage temperature is between 0°C and 50°C.
HARRINGTON'S RULE: Seed longevity decreases by one-half for every 1% increase in moisture content or every 10°F (6°C) increase in temperature.

Sterility is most pronounced in the F1 generation of Interspecific.
An F1 hybrid is the first filial generation of offspring of distinctly different parental types. F1 hybrids are used in genetics, and in selective breeding, where the term F1 crossbreed may be used.
These F1 hybrids are usually created using controlled pollination, sometimes by hand pollination, and are mostly sterile.

The ratio of the genetic variance to the total variance which determines the relationship between phenotype and genotype is known as Heritability.
Heritability is a measure of the proportion of phenotypic variance attributable to genetic variance, and it is an important predictor of the degree to which a population can respond to artificial or natural selection.
It is to conclude how well differences in people's genes account for differences in their traits. Traits can include characteristics such as height, eye colour, and intelligence, as well as disorders like schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder.

The lipid-protein bilayer model was proposed by Danieli and Davson.
It was a model of the plasma membrane of a cell, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli.
The model describes a phospholipid bilayer that lies between two layers of globular proteins, which are both trilaminar and lipoprotinious.
The model proposed an explanation for why certain substances were not able to pass through cell membranes, while also accounting for the thinness of membranes.

Pure line variety is a Homozygous-Homogenous.
Pure-line selection involves selecting and breeding progeny from superior organisms for some generations until a pure line of organisms with only the desired characteristics has been established.
Genetically similar plants constitute homogenous populations. Examples of homogeneous populations are pure lines, inbred lines, F1 hybrid between two pure lines or inbred lines and progeny of a clone. A homozygous genotype may include two normal alleles or two alleles that have the same variant.