Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Mendel did not face the problem of linkage, however, seven characters studied by him were located on Four chromosomes.
Mendel worked with seven characteristics of pea plants: plant height, pod shape and colour, seed shape and colour, and flower position and colour.
As all the seven characters taken by Mendel were present on four different chromosomes and also if present on the same were situated at far distances, that is why he did not face the problem of linkage.

The crossing between two different genera of the same genus is called Intergeneric hybridization.
Intergeneric hybridization represents an opportunity to combine genomes from distinctly different plants and to intrigue traits not found in the main genus of interest. Many intergeneric hybrids are infertile.

Argemone mexicana is an objectional weed in Rapeseed/Mustard.
An extremely hardy pioneer plant, it is tolerant of drought and poor soil, often being the only cover on new road cuttings or verges. It has bright yellow latex. It is poisonous to grazing animals.
The seeds resemble the seeds of Brassica nigra (mustard). They mature with mustard crops and may be harvested along with mustard. As a result, mustard can be adulterated by argemone seeds, rendering it poisonous.

The sunflower seed dormancy is due to Ethrel.
Ethrel is a versatile plant growth regulator which improves colouration and accelerates uniform ripening of fruits.
Freshly harvested sunflower seeds are considered to be dormant because they fail to germinate at relatively low temperatures (10°C). This dormancy results mainly from embryo dormancy and disappears during dry storage.
Sunflower seed dormancy begins around the third week after pollination and is overcome during storage. It is induced by abscisic acid and broken by ethylene. The dormancy period depends on the genotype and the environmental conditions during maturation and storage.

The enzyme involved in apoptosis is Caspases.
Apoptosis is mediated by proteolytic enzymes called caspases, which trigger cell death by cleaving specific proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus.
Caspases exist in all cells as inactive precursors, or procaspases, which are usually activated by cleavage by other caspases, producing a proteolytic caspase cascade.

ELISA is the most useful method of detecting virus infection in seeds.
ELISA stands for enzyme-linked immunoassay. The ELISA watershed method is widely used to detect various plant viruses because it is very sensitive.
The ELISA method is one of the most popular serology techniques because it is not only sensitive but also easy to do, accurate, simple, and does not require high costs.

Manganese is a micronutrient because it is required by plants in small quantities.
Micronutrients are essential to plant nutrients that are found in trace amounts in tissue but play an imperative role in plant growth and development. Without these nutrients, plant nutrition would be compromised leading to potential declines in plant productivity.
Manganese (Mn) is an important plant micronutrient for plant growth and development and sustains metabolic roles within different plant cell compartments.
It is an essential cofactor for the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of the photosynthetic machinery, catalyzing the water-splitting reaction in photosystem II (PSII).

Repressor protein is produced by Regulator.
A repressor, as related to genomics, is a protein that inhibits the expression of one or more genes. The repressor protein works by binding to the promoter region of the gene(s), which prevents the production of messenger RNA (mRNA). Repressor proteins are essential for the regulation of gene expression in cells.
A regulator protein that turns genes ON when it binds DNA is called an activator protein, and a regulator protein that turns genes OFF when it binds DNA is a repressor protein.

The seed act was formulated in 1966.
Seed Act is Act no 54 of the year 1966 and was promulgated on 29^th December 1966. The objective was to regulate the quality of seeds supplied and sold to the farmers.
The important provisions of the Act are to establish Central Seed Committee to advise Central Government on all matters of Seeds and to establish Central Seed testing laboratories.
The object of the Seed Act is to regulate the quality of certain notified kinds/varieties of seeds for sale and matters connected therewith.

Indigenous cotton is Gossypium hirsutum.
Gossypium hirsutum, also known as upland cotton or Mexican cotton, is the most widely planted species of cotton in the world. Globally, about 90% of all cotton production is of cultivars derived from this species.
Gossypium hirsutum includes several varieties or cross-bred cultivars with varying fiber lengths and tolerances to several growing conditions.