Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Heterobeltiosis is estimated over the Better parent.
Heterosis, or hybrid vigour, is the superiority of the hybrid for a certain trait over the mean of its two parents.
Heterobeltiosis is a form of heterosis where the hybrid is superior to its best parent. It can be calculated by,
Heterobeltiosis = $$\frac{{{{\text{F}}_1} - {\text{BP}}}}{{100}} \times {\text{BP}},$$    Where BP is mean of better parents.

The nucleus cell is not haploid.
Haploid cells contain half the chromosome count of diploid cells, and are mostly germ cells, whereas diploid cells are somatic cells.
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. The cell nucleus contains nearly all of the cell's genome. The chromosome number in the cell nucleus is diploid.

The capacity of a cell to develop into a complete plant is called Totipotency.
Totipotency is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organism.
It represents the cell with the greatest differentiation potential, being able to differentiate into any embryonic cell, as well as any extraembryonic cell.

The Seed coat is derived from testa.
The seed coat, or testa, is derived from the one or two protective integuments of the ovule. The ovary, in the simplest case, develops into a fruit.
The product is a structure in which the embryo is protected from temperature extremes by its state of desiccation and is often guarded against further drying and mechanical or biological degradation by the seed coats.

The most accepted theory of the origin of life is the Oparin-Haldone theory.
It is believed that simple organic molecules formed first and in the presence of ultraviolet light became increasingly complex, ultimately forming cells.
Haldane and Oparin's ideas formed the foundation for much of the research on the origin of life and the specific formation of cells.

A hybrid is the progeny of a cross of two similar plants.
A hybrid is an offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different breeds, varieties, species, or genera through sexual reproduction.
The concept of a hybrid is interpreted differently in animal and plant breeding, where there is interest in the individual parentage.

Tropic movements are basically due to Cell elongation.
When a plant shows some growth movement in response to a stimulus, it is known as tropism.
Tropism is a direction, which is specific and depends on the direction of the stimulus. Plants may either show a positive or negative movement as a response to a stimulus.
This movement leads to root and shoots growth which is due to the elongation of the cell.

The innate tendency of offspring to resemble their parents is called Heredity.
Heredity also known as Biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents.
Heritable traits are known to be passed from one generation to the next via DNA, a molecule that encodes genetic information.

Improved seed distributed to farmers for commercial cultivation is Certified.
The progeny of foundation seed is produced by registered seed growers under the supervision of seed certification agencies to maintain the seed quality as per minimum seed certification standards.
A blue colour certificate is issued by a seed certification agency for this category of seed.

When F₁ is crossed with the recessive homozygous parent the cross is known as the Test cross.
Under the law of dominance in genetics, an individual expressing a dominant phenotype could contain either two copies of the dominant allele or one copy of each dominant and recessive allele.
In a test cross, the individual in question is bred with another individual that is homozygous for the recessive trait, and the offspring of the test cross is examined.