Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Mass pedigree selection method of breeding is particularly, useful for the improvement of Self-pollinated crops.
This method consists of selection among individual plants and their progeny during inbreeding following crosses between selected donor parents. The parents are normally crossed in a single cross system.
The pedigree method describes a selection protocol utilized during the inbreeding of populations of self- and cross-pollinated species in the development of homozygous lines with more developed and improved traits.

Primitive cultivars that are selected and cultivated by famers for many years are Landraces.
Landraces are defined as dynamic populations of a cultivated plant with a historical origin, and distinct identity, often genetically diverse and locally adapted and associated with a set of farmers' practices of seed selection and field management as well as with a farmers knowledge base.
A landrace is a dynamic population of a cultivated plant that has historical origin, distinct identity and lacks formal crop improvement, as well as often being genetically diverse, locally adapted and associated with traditional farming systems.

Incompatibility is very common in the plant kingdom as reported by Lewis.
Incompatibility is a physiological mechanism that enforces outbreeding. It is widespread throughout the families of flowering plants.
Incompatibility is due in some species to the failure of pollen germination, in others to the pollen tubes failing to penetrate the full length of the style.
Incompatibility in species crosses and their derivatives show that species without an incompatibility system have polygenic modifiers which weaken the action of the S gene.

In misogamy, the pollen tube enters the embryo sac through the Micropyle.
Misogamy is an aversion to or hatred of marriage. The word dates from the mid-17^th century and combines the Greek misos (hatred) with gamos (marriage). Merriam-Webster date the first use of the word to around 1656.
The micropyle is a small opening in the surface of an ovule, through which the pollen tube penetrates, often visible as a small pore in the ripe seed.

Poorva, Urja, and Pusa Vishesh are new varieties of Wheat.
Poorva is the variety of wheat released by IARI New Delhi, a Timely sown variety, and Irrigated for the NEPZ region.
Urja is For late sown conditions, Irrigated conditions for the CZ region, and is Released by IARI New Delhi.
Pusa Vishesh is Released by IARI New Delhi, For timely sown conditions, and Irrigated conditions of the Delhi region.

Protogyny is found in Bajra.
Protogyny, the situation in which the pistils mature first, occurs in arum lilies and many wind-pollinated plants, such as grasses-although several types of grass are self-pollinated, including common varieties of wheat, barley and oats.
In Bajra, Stigma becomes receptive earlier to stamens.

Hershey and Chase in their experiments labeled DNA with ³²P.
The lack of ³²P-labeled DNA remaining in the solution after the bacteriophages had been allowed to adsorb to the bacteria showed that the phage DNA was transferred into the bacterial cell.
Hershey and Chase were also able to prove that the DNA from the phage is inserted into the bacteria shortly after the virus attaches to its host.

rDNA analysis provides information on Phylogenetic relationships.
Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is a DNA sequence that codes for ribosomal RNA. These sequences regulate transcription initiation and amplification and contain both transcribed and non-transcribed spacer segments.
The genes that are responsible for encoding the various sub-units of rRNA are located across multiple chromosomes in humans.

RFLP is a Molecular marker.
RFLP, as a molecular marker, is specific to a single clone/restriction enzyme combination. Most RFLP markers are co-dominant and highly locus-specific.
Such variation results in different-sized (or length) DNA fragments produced by digesting the DNA with a restriction enzyme. RFLPs can be used as genetic markers, which are often used to follow the inheritance of DNA through families.

Oat is a self-pollinated crop.
oats, (Avena sativa), domesticated cereal grass (family Poaceae) grown primarily for its edible starchy grains. Oats are widely cultivated in the temperate regions of the world and are second only to rye in their ability to survive in poor soils.
The oat is a winter cereal crop native to the Mediterranean region. It's a self-pollinated crop with a limited range of diversity.