Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

The Law of homologous series' is given by Vavilov.
The law of homologous series was formulated by N. I. Vavilov in 1920. The Journal of Genetics published Vavilov's paper in 1922. This law established a parallel variability of homologous characters in taxonomically near species.
The Law of homologous series states that a particular variation observed in a crop species is also expected to be available in its related species.

Wheat varieties KML 7404, and MLKS-11 are Multiline cultivars.
Multiline crop cultivars are phenotypically similar (height, grain type) but genetically different against insect pests and diseases (Browning and Frey 1981; Wolfe 1985).
Multiline cultivars have been developed for commercial cultivation in oats, wheat, soybean, and peanut.
KML 7404 and MLKS-11 are wheat multiline varieties for the northern and northwestern plains of India. MLKS-11 is a mixture of eight components derived from Kalyan Sona.

The term chromosome was given by Waldayer.
A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism.
Most eukaryotic chromosomes include packaging proteins called histones which, aided by chaperone proteins, bind to and condense the DNA molecule to maintain its integrity.
W. Waldeyer coined the term "chromosome" in 1888.

DNA polymerase I was discovered by Kornberg.
Arthur Kornberg, a prolific researcher who described his career as a “love affair with enzymes,” discovered DNA polymerase, an enzyme critical to DNA replication.
For his discovery, Kornberg shared the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Severo Ochoa, who discovered RNA polymerase I. this enzyme is also referred to as Kornberg enzyme.

Lysine is a limiting amino acid in Cereals.
Cereals contain low amounts of lysine, and consequently, lysine is often the first limiting amino acid in diets that are high in cereals.
Lysine is an essential amino acid, meaning it is necessary for human health, but the body cannot make it.

For the induction of mutations in crop plants, X-rays were first used by H. J. Muller (1927). Mutation involves sudden changes in an organism's genetic code. Herman Muller studied the hereditary characteristics of fruit flies and, in 1927, discovered that the number of genetic mutations observed in fruit flies increased when they were exposed to x-rays.
Hermann Joseph Muller conducted three experiments in 1926 and 1927 that demonstrated that exposure to x-rays, a form of high-energy radiation, can cause genetic mutations, and changes to an organism's genome, particularly in egg and sperm cells.

The variety of wheat developed from spring × winter wheat crosses is termed VEERY.
The ‘Veery’ lines resulted from a cross between a Russian winter wheat, ‘Kavkaz’, and a Mexican spring wheat, ‘Buho’.
These new lines showed improved resistance to stripe and leaf rust pathogens, which helped create the second generation of high-yielding wheat.

Cryopreservation cannot be done for Aerobic microorganisms.
Cryopreservation is a process where organelles, cells, tissues, extracellular matrix, organs, or any other biological constructs susceptible to damage caused by unregulated chemical kinetics are preserved by cooling to very low temperatures.
Cells might be damaged if the intracellular concentration of solutes is high. The leakage of certain solutes from the cell during freezing should be checked. The physiological status of the plant material is also essential.

The objectionable weed in Oat is Avena fatua.
Objectionable weed is also known as Satellite weed. Objectionable weed: A noxious weed, whose seeds are difficult to separate, once mixed with crop seeds. The weeds that mature at the same time & height as a host plant have a similar size and shape as the crop seeds.
Wild oat (Avena fatua) is common in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum.

When the development of fruit occurs without fertilization, is known as Parthenocarpy.
In some plants, however, the fruit develops without fertilization, a phenomenon is known as parthenocarpy.
Parthenocarpic fruit has advantages over seeded fruit, longer shelf life and greater consumer appeal. SEEDLESS FRUIT such as navel oranges is propagated asexually, usually by grafting. Parthenogenesis occurs when there is less availability of functional eggs or sperms or when pollination fails to occur.