Genetics And Plant Breeding MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

The lysosome is considered a suicidal bag because it causes autolysis of the cells.
Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers-proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids.
They are spherical vesicles that contain hydrolytic enzymes that can break down many kinds of biomolecules, and can cause autolysis of the cells.

A double cross plan was suggested by Jones.
Donald Forsha Jones (16^th April 1890 - 19^th June 1963) was a United States maize geneticist and practical corn breeder at the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven. Beginning at the station in 1914, he made high-yielding hybrid corn practical with his invention of the double-cross hybrid. The double cross was the basic technique used in developing modern hybrid maize and has been used by commercial firms since. Jones's invention was to use four inbred lines instead of two in crossing.

The ascent of sap takes place through Tracheary elements.
The ascent of sap in the xylem tissue of plants is the upward movement of water and minerals from the root to the aerial parts of the plant.
The conducting cells in xylem are typically non-living and include, various groups of plants, vessel members and tracheids.

The chromosomal theory of inheritance was given by Sutton and Boveri.
The Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory is a fundamental unifying theory of genetics that identifies chromosomes as the carriers of genetic material.
It correctly explains the mechanism underlying the laws of Mendelian inheritance by identifying chromosomes with the paired factors (particles) required by Mendel's laws.
It also states that chromosomes are linear structures with genes located at specific sites called loci along them.

The plant quarantine measure was passed in 1976.
An Act to amend and consolidate the laws relating to the control, prevention and eradication of agricultural pests, noxious plants and plant diseases and to extend cooperation in the control of the movement of pests in international trade and for matters connected therewith.
The purpose and intent of this Act are to prevent the introduction of any insect, fungus, or pest which is or could be destructive to crops.

Triticale is the offspring of Wheat and rye.
Triticale is a hybrid of wheat (Triticum) and rye (Secale) first bred in laboratories during the late 19^th century in Scotland and Germany.
When crossing wheat and rye, wheat is used as the female parent and rye as the male parent (pollen donor). The resulting hybrid is sterile and must be treated with colchicine to induce polyploidy and thus the ability to reproduce itself.

Chlorosis in sulphur deficient plants appears first in the young leaves and then in the mature leaves.
Sulphur is an immobile nutrient in the plant and thus the deficiency symptoms develop in the young leaves first, generally in or near the top of the plant, then it is passed on to mature leaves.
Chlorosis starts from leaf margins and spreads inwards. Under severe deficiency, the entire plant may turn yellow leading to premature leaf fall, and reduced flowering and fruiting.

The variance is a fixable Additive.
Additive genetic variance refers to the deviation from the mean phenotype due to the inheritance of a particular allele and this allele's relative (to the mean phenotype of the population) effect on phenotype.

The light receptor pigment present in seeds is Phytochrome.
Phytochromes are a class of photoreceptors in plants, bacteria and fungi used to detect light. They are sensitive to light in the red and far-red regions of the visible spectrum.
They regulate the germination of seeds (photoblasty), the synthesis of chlorophyll, the elongation of seedlings, the size, shape and number, the movement of leaves and the timing of flowering in adult plants.

Several Barr bodies are one in female human beings, two in a female with Klinefelter syndrome, and one in male with Klinefelter syndrome.
A Barr body or X-chromatin is an inactive X chromosome in a cell with more than one X chromosome, rendered inactive in a process called lyonization, in species with XY sex determination (including humans).
In humans with more than one X chromosome, the number of Barr bodies visible at interphase is always one fewer than the total number of X chromosomes.
In humans with euploidy, a genotypical female (46, XX karyotype) has one Barr body per somatic cell nucleus, while a genotypical male (46, XY) has none.